Det syge USA
Afkoblede skæbner i litteraturen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/kok.v49i131.127675Nøgleord:
Sygdom, USA, litteratur, prekaritet, Angels in America, AIDS, smerte, opiater, Maggie BoylanResumé
Acknowledging the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic as an exacerbating factor for precarious US communities, this article reads Tony Kushner’s critically acclaimed play Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes (1992-95) and Michael Henson’s collection of short stories Maggie Boylan (2015) alongside Susan Sontag (Illness as Metaphor), Jasbir Puar (The Right to Maim) and Lauren Berlant (“Slow Death”). The play and the short story collection represent examples of critiques of a deep-rooted disorder that characterizes the precaritizing American social and political system. From the severely mishandled AIDS crisis in Reagan’s conservative United States to the equally disastrous management of the opioid and meth epidemics in the 21st century, American society and politicians are failing their citizens, a failure reflected in and critiqued by literary texts. Whereas Angels in America is an overtly political drama, in which marginalized people come together to respond to political erasure and violence with imaginative countercultural utopianism, Maggie Boylan traces the gradual decay and corruption of a contemporary American community, functioning as a microcosm of the Unites States as a whole. This society is plagued by several crippling “epidemics” and “crises” that leave bodies broken and communities in tatters. Despite glimmers of hope, Kushner and Henson paint a grim picture of a sickness at the core of American society.
Referencer
Ball, Ray. ”Medical Metaphors: The Long History of the Corrupted Body Politic.” Nursing Clio, 5. december 2018, https://nursingclio.org/2018/12/05/medical-metaphors-the-long-history-of-the-corrupted-body-politic/
Berlant, Lauren. ”Slow Death (Sovereignty, Obesity, Lateral Agency).” Critical Inquiry, 33 4 (Sommer 2007): 754-780.
Catte, Elizabeth. What You Are Gettting Wrong about Appalachia. Cleveland: Belt Publishing, 2018.
CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). ”Understanding the Epidemic.” cdc.gov. 19. marts 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html. Besøgt 22. oktober, 2020.
CDC. ”CDC COVID Data Tracker.” cdc.gov. 19. januar, 2021. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#cases_casesper100klast7days. Besøgt 20. januar, 2021.
Dickman, Samuel L, David U Himmelstein, and Steffie Woolhandler. ”Inequality and the Health-Care System in the USA.” The Lancet, 389 10077 (2017): 1431–41. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30398-7.
Eban, Katherine. ”How Jared Kushner’s Secret Testing Plan ‘Went Poof into Thin Air,’” Vanity Fair, 30. juli, 2020. https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/07/how-jared-kushners-secret-testing-plan-went-poof-into-thin-air.
Eller, Ronald D. Uneven Ground: Appalachia since 1945. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 2013.
Fry, Naomi. ”Roy Cohn and the Making of a Winner-Take-All America.” The New Yorker (25. september, 2019). https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/roy-cohn-and-the-making-of-a-winner-take-all-america.
Gawande, Atul. ”A Nation’s Health Care: Rescuing the System.” The New Yorker, 5. oktober, 2020: 12-13.
Geis, Deborah R. og Steven F. Kruger. Red. Approaching the Millenium: Essays on Angels in America. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.
Haley Danielle F, Saitz Richard. ”The Opioid Epidemic During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” JAMA, 324 16 (2020): 1615–1617. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.18543
Healton, Pack. ”The Opioid Crisis, Corporate Responsibility, and Lessons From the Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement.” JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 322 21 (2019): 2071–2072. Web.
Henson, Michael. Maggie Boylan. Athens: Swallow Press/Ohio University Press, 2015.
Hillbilly. Instrueret af Sally Rubin og Ashley York, optrædener af bell hooks, Ronny Cox, Billy Redden, Michael Apted, Frank X Walker, Crystal Good, Silas House, Sam Gleaves og Amythyst Kiah, 2018.
Keefe, Patrick Radden. ”The Family That Built an Empire of Pain.” The New Yorker (23. okt., 2017). https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/30/the-family-that-built-an-empire-of-pain.
Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. 1995. New York: Theater Communications Group, 2004.
The Lancet. ”Lawsuits Alone Will Not Fix the US Opioid Overdose Crisis.” The Lancet. Lancet Publishing Group, September 7, 2019. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32041-0.
Mazzolini, Elizabeth. ”Toxic Attachments: Drug Epidemics and a Sense of Place.” The Minnesota Review 92 (2019): 73–94. doi:10.1215/00265667-7329779.
Miller, James. ”Heavenquake: Queer Anagogies in Kushner’s America.” Approaching the Millenium: Essays on Angels in America. Red. Deborah R. Geis og Steven F. Kruger. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997. 56-77
Odets, Walt. Out of the Shadow: Reimagining Gay Men’s Lives. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019.
Pearl, Monica B. ”Epic AIDS: Angels in America from Stage to Screen.” Textual Practice 21 4 (2007): 761–779.
Puar, Jasbir. The Right to Maim: Debility, Capacity, Disability. Durham og London: Duke University Press, 2017.
Quinones, Sam. Dreamland: The True Tale of America’s Opiate Epidemic. New York og London: Bloomsbury, 2015.
Smith, David E. ”Medicalizing the Opioid Epidemic in the U.S. in the Era of Health Care Reform.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 49 2 (2017): 95-101. doi:10.1080/02791072.2017.1295334.
Sontag, Susan. AIDS og dens metaforer. Oversat af John Theodor Thomsen. Århus: Klim, 1989.
Stoll, Steven. Ramp Hollow: The Ordeal of Appalachia. New York: Hill and Wang, 2017.
Van Zee, Art. ”The Promotion and Marketing of OxyContin: Commercial Triumph, Public Health Tragedy.” American Journal of Public Health, 99 2 (2009): 221-7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.131714
Yancy, George. ”Judith Butler: Mourning is a Political Act Amid the Pandemic and Its Disparities,” TRUTHOUT, 30. april, 2020. https://truthout.org/articles/judith-butler-mourning-is-a-political-act-amid-the-pandemic-and-its-disparities/
Yen, Hope, Stephen Braun og Calvin Woodward. ”AP FACT CHECK: Trump’s alternate reality on COVID-19 threat.” AP News, 20. juli 2020. https://apnews.com/article/0aa783aa734b2ac3d984c5116b3e8039.
Downloads
Publiceret
Citation/Eksport
Nummer
Sektion
Licens
Tidsskriftet følger dansk ophavsret.