Tvangsfordrivelse
Om tab af hjemsted og opgaven med at skabe et nyt hjem i et fremmed land, når man er traumatiseret
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/pl.v46i2.165713Nøgleord:
traumatiserede flygtninge, identitet, tilpasning, recovery, biopsykosocial rehabiliteringResumé
Ens hjemsted er af fundamental betydning for ens udvikling og identitet. Identitetsudvikling er en livslang proces, der præges af de livsfaser, eller ”steder i livet”, som man gennemlever. Flygtninges livsfaser er præget af markante traumatiske begivenheder og tab af hjemsted. Dette er belastende for både psyken og kroppen, ”jegets hjemsted”. Det er gennem kroppen, man udlever sin identitet, og den er basis for handlekraft og overlevelse. Både fysiske og psykiske traumer er skadelige for kroppen, og man kan blive fremmedgjort i forhold til sin egen krop. Den oprindelige identitet eroderes, og evnen til handlekraft ændres.
Tabet af geografisk og kropsligt ”sted” medfører, at man skal lære at leve et nyt ”sted”. Hvilke udfordringer giver det, hvordan tilpasser man sig det nye ”sted”, og hvordan rekonstruerer man sin identitet? Tilpasning til nye vilkår er en mekanisme for identitetsudvikling, men ikke alle formår at tilpasse sig. Rehabilitering med basis i en forståelse af den biopsykosociale tilpasningsproces er derfor vigtig.
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