Easy, Convenient and Pointless – About Albert Borgmann’s Philosophy of Technology

Authors

  • Jesper Aagaard

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7146/pl.v45i1.146544

Keywords:

Borgmann, deskilling, distraction, focal practices, technological devices

Abstract

Many of us are increasingly sceptical about society’s ongoing digitisation: Is this development solely for the better, or does it also include significant downsides that we must address? But how should we articulate such concerns in a helpful and nuanced manner?This article aims to introduce Albert Borgmann’s Philosophy of Technology. According to Borgmann, life acquires meaning through everyday ‘focal practices’ like preparing a meal or lighting the log burner. In turn, such focal practices require skills, dedication, and effort. Technological devices like microwave ovens and radiators are designed to render all effort superfluous, and thereby threaten to subvert our focal practices. The article discusses the repercussions – and criticisms – of Borgmann’s insights and proceeds to discuss how we can convert his philosophical insights into a psychological critique of technology with a focus on digital technologies.

References

Aagaard, J. (2016). Mobile Devices, Interaction, and Distraction: A Qualitative Exploration of Absent Presence. AI & Society, 31(2), 223-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-015-0638-z

Aagaard, J. (2020). Digital Akrasia: A Qualitative Study of Phubbing. AI & Society, 35(1), 237-244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-019-00876-0

Aagaard, J. (2021a). 4E Cognition and the Dogma of Harmony. Philosophical Psychology, 34(2), 165-181. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2020.1845640

Aagaard, J. (2021b). Beyond the Rhetoric of Tech Addiction: Why We Should Be Discussing Tech Habits Instead (and How). Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20(3), 559-572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-020-09669-z

Aagaard, J., Friis, J., Sorenson, J., Tafdrup, O. & Hasse, C. (2018). An Introduction to Postphenomenological Methodologies. I J. Aagaard, J. Friis, J. Sorenson, O. Tafdrup & C. Hasse (red.), Postphenomenological Methodologies. Lexington Books

Aagaard, J., Steninge, E. & Zhang, Y. (2023). On the Hermeneutics of Screen Time: A Qualitative Study of Phubbing. AI & Society, 38(6), 2329-2337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01223-y

Achterhuis, H. (2001). American Philosophy of Technology: The Empirical Turn. Indiana University Press.

Adams, D. (2002). The Salmon of Doubt. Pan Macmillan.

Borgmann, A. (1984). Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life. Chicago University Press.

Borgmann, A. (1993). Finding Philosophy. I D. Karnos & R. Shoemaker (red.), Falling in Love With Wisdom. Oxford University Press

Borgmann, A. (2000a). Heidegger and Ethics Beyond the Call of Duty. I J. Faulconer & M. Wrathall (red.), Appropriating Heidegger. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511487583.005

Borgmann, A. (2000b). Reply to My Critics. I E. Higgs, A. Light & D. Strong (red.), Technology and the Good Life? University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226333885.003.0019

Borgmann, A. (2000c). The Moral Complexion of Consumption. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(4), 418-422. https://doi.org/10.1086/209572

Borgmann, A. (2006). Technology as a Cultural Force. The Canadian Journal of Sociology, 31(3), 351-360. https://doi.org/10.1353/cjs.2006.0050

Borgmann, A. (2007). Cyberspace, Cosmology, and the Meaning of Life. Ubiquity, 8(7), artikel 3. https://doi.org/10.1145/1226690.1232403

Borgmann, A. (2010). Reality and Technology. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34(1), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/ben055

Borgmann, A. (2012). The Collision of Plausibility with Reality: Lifting the Veil of the Ethical Neutrality of Technology. Educational Technology, 52(1), 40-43.

Borgmann, A. (2023). The End of Technology and the Renewal of Reality. In: G. Miller, H. Jerónimo & Q. Zhu (eds.). Thinking Through Science and Technology: Philosophy, Religion, and Politics in an Engineered World. Rowman & Littlefield.

Braverman, H. (1974). Labor and Monopoly Capital; The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. Monthly Review Press.

Brinkmann, S. (2016). Ståsteder: 10 gamle idéer til en ny verden. Gyldendal Business.

Dreyfus, H. (2003). Being and Power: Revisited. I A. Milchman & A. Rosenberg (red.), Foucault and Heidegger. University of Minnesota Press.

Dreyfus, H. (2017a). Background Practices: Essays on the Understanding of Being. Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796220.001.0001

Dreyfus, H. (2017b). Heidegger on the Connection between Nihilism, Technology, Art, and Politics. I M. Wrathall (red.), Background Practices: Essays on the Understanding of Being. Oxford University Press.

Dreyfus, H. & Kelly, S.D. (2011). All Things Shining: Reading the Western Classics to Find Meaning in a Secular Age. Free Press.

Dreyfus, H. & Spinosa, C. (2003). Further Reflections on Heidegger, Technology, and the Everyday. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 23(5), 339-349. https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467603259868

Foghsgaard, L. (2023). Den bedste måde at slippe ud af TikToks jerngreb? Få en kæreste, og dyrk noget sex. Politiken, 9. juli 2023. https://politiken.dk/viden/Viden/art9411454/Den-bedste-m%C3%A5de-at-slippe-ud-af-TikToks-jerngreb-F%C3%A5-

en-k%C3%A6reste-og-dyrk-noget-sex

Flyvbjerg, B. (1991). Sustaining Non-Rationalized Practices: Body-Mind, Power, and Situational Ethics. An Interview with Hubert and Stuart Dreyfus. Praxis International, 11(1), 93-113.

Frischmann, B. & Selinger, E. (2018). Re-Engineering Humanity. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316544846

Gilligan, C. (1982). In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development. Harvard University Press.

Haworth, L. (2000). Focal Things and Focal Practices. I E. Higgs, A. Light, & D. Strong (red.), Technology and the Good Life? University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226333885.003.0004

Heidegger, M. (1979). Nietzsche, vol. 1. Harper & Row.

Heidegger, M. (1996). Verdensbilledets tid. Idéhistoriske arbejdspapirer 1.

Heidegger, M. (1999). Spørgsmålet om teknikken – og andre skrifter. Gyldendal.

Heidegger, M. (2007). Gelassenhed. I Markvejen. Krabbesholm Højskole.

Heidegger, M. (2012). Bremen and Freiburg Lectures: Insight Into That Which Is and Basic Principles of Thinking. Indiana University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt21pxkvh

Ihde, D. (2006). Forty Years in the Wilderness. I E. Selinger (red.), Postphenomenology: A Critical Companion to Ihde. SUNY Press.

Jonas, H. (1999). Ansvarets princip: Udkast til en etik for den teknologiske civilisation. Hans Reitzels Forlag.

Kerrn-Jespersen, R. (2014). Fodboldfans i stærk protest over trådløst internet på stadion. Berlingske, 18. august 2014. https://www.berlingske.dk/sport/fodboldfans-i-staerkprotest-over-traadloest-internet-paa-stadion

Lund-Nielsen, R. & Rashid, I. (2023). I fremtiden kommer vi til at undskylde for alle de børn, vi lod blive afhængige af skærmene. AvisenDanmark, 31. maj 2023. https://avisendanmark.dk/debat/debat-i-fremtiden-kommer-vi-til-at-undskylde-for-alle-deboern-

vi-lod-blive-afhaengige-af-skaermene

Michelfelder, D. (2000). Technological Ethics in a Different Voice. I E. Higgs, A. Light & D. Strong (red.), Technology and the Good Life? University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226333885.003.0013

Odaǧ, Ö. & Mittelstädt, A. (2023). Mixed Methods in Research on the Psychology of the Internet and Social Media (POISM). Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 24(1), artikel 18. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-24.1.4009

Perrotta, R. (2023). Peabody EDI Office Responds to MSU Shooting with Email Written Using ChatGPT. The Vanderbilt Hustler, 4. juni 2023. https://vanderbilthustler.com/2023/02/17/peabody-edi-office-responds-to-msu-shooting-with-email-writtenusing-chatgpt/

Ruspoli, T. (2010). Being in the World: A Celebration of Being Human in a Technological Age [Dokumentarfilm]. Mangusta & LAFCO. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcCRmf_tHW8

Sahakian, B., D’Angelo, C. & Savulich, G. (2017). Kan en lille smule LSD gøre os mere kreative og energiske? Videnskab.dk, 11. april 2017. https://videnskab.dk/kultursamfund/kan-en-lille-smule-lsd-goere-os-mere-kreative-og-energiske/

Schack, A. (2023). Din telefon er designet til at gøre dig afhængig. Politiken, 4. juli 2023. https://politiken.dk/viden/art9383497/Hvorfor-er-sk%C3%A6rmenstiltr%C3%A6kningskraft-s%C3%A5-sv%C3%A6r-at-modst%C3%A5-S%C3%A5dan-er-telefonen-designet-til-at-stj%C3%A6le-din-tid

Selinger, E. (2008). Normative Judgment and Technoscience: Nudging Ihde, Again. Techné, 12(2), 120-125. https://doi.org/10.5840/techne20081229

Selinger, E. (2014). Today’s Apps Are Turning Us Into Sociopaths. The Wire, 26. februar 2014. https://www.wired.com/2014/02/outsourcing-humanity-apps/

Størup, J.O. & Lieberoth, A. (2022). What’s the Problem with “Screen Time”? A Content Analysis of Dominant Voices and Worries in Three Years of National Print Media. Convergence, 29(1), 201-224. https://doi.org/10.1177/13548565211065299

Therkildsen, M. (2013). Sig til dine gæster, at smartphonen skal blive i garderoben. Politiken, 25. september, 2013. https://politiken.dk/debat/kritikerskolen/art5481496/Sig-til-dine-gæster-at-smartphonen-skal-blive-i-garderoben

Thomson, I. (2000). What’s Wrong with Being a Technological Essentialist? A Response to Feenberg. Inquiry, 43(4), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/002017400750051233

Vallor, S. (2015). Moral Deskilling and Upskilling in a New Machine Age: Reflections on the Ambiguous Future of Character. Philosophy & Technology, 28(1), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-014-0156-9

Wood, D. (2003). Albert Borgmann on Taming Technology: An Interview. The Christian Century, 120(17), 22-25.

Wu, T. (2018). The Tyranny of Convenience. The New York Times, 16. februar 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/16/opinion/sunday/tyranny-convenience.html

Zahavi, D. (1999). Introduktion. I M. Heidegger, Spørgsmålet om teknikken og andre skrifter. Gyldendal.

Published

2024-06-11

How to Cite

Jesper Aagaard. (2024). Easy, Convenient and Pointless – About Albert Borgmann’s Philosophy of Technology. Psyke & Logos, 45(1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.7146/pl.v45i1.146544