Implementeringen af motion og bevægelse i skolen – et review af hæmmende og fremmende faktorer set i et lærerperspektiv
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/lup.v2i2.27711Nøgleord:
Folkeskole, Læreres oplevelse, Bevægelse, Undervisning, ImplementeringResumé
Implementeringen af den ny skolereform inkluderer 45 minutters daglig motion og bevægelse for alle elever. Formålet med artiklen er at præsentere en oversigt over eksisterende videnskabelige studier, der har undersøgt faktorer, som påvirker læreres oplevelse af og villighed til at implementere motion og bevægelse. Vi har søgt i 6 databaser (2000-2016) og inkluderet 24 studier. Vi har brugt en socio-økologisk model i præsentationen af resultaterne og Rogers’ diffusion of innovation teori i diskussionen af hæmmende og fremmende faktorer. Mangel på tid som følge af akademisk pres, og mangel på viden, kompetencer og support er blandt de hæmmende faktorer.
Referencer
Ahn, S. & Fedewa, A. L. (2011). A meta-analysis of the relationship between children’s physical activity and mental health. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 36(4), 385–397.
Allison, K. R., Vu-Nguyen, K., Ng, B., Schoueri-Mychasiw, N., Dwyer, J. J. M., Manson, H., … Robertson, J. (2016). Evaluation of Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy implementation in Ontario: surveys of elementary school administrators and teachers. BMC Public Health, 16.
Bartholomew, J. B. & Jowers, E. M. (2011). Physically active academic lessons in elementary children. Preventive Medicine, 52, 51–54.
Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., Ryan, R. M., Bosch, J. A. & Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C. (2011). Self-Determination Theory and Diminished Functioning- The Role of Interpersonal Control and Psychological Need Thwarting Personality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(11), 1459–1473.
Benes, S., Finn, K. E., Sullivan, E. C. & Yan, Z. (2016). Teachers ’ Perceptions of Using Movement in the Classroom, 73, 110–135.
Biddle, S. J. H. & Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med, 45(11), 886–895.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Book. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bryan, L. C., & Solmon, M. A. (2012). Student Motivation in Physical Education and Engagement in Physical Activity. Journal of Sport Behavior Research Library Pg, 35(3), 267–285.
Bunketorp Käll, L., Malmgren, H., Olsson, E., Lindén, T., & Nilsson, M. (2015). Effects of a Curricular Physical Activity Intervention on Children’s School Performance, Wellness, and Brain Development. The Journal of School Health, 85(10), 704.
Cothran, D. J., Kulinna, P. H. & Garn, A. C. (2010). Classroom teachers and physical activity integration. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(7), 1381–1388.
De la Haye, K., Robins, G., Mohr, P., & Wilson, C. (2011). How physical activity shapes, and is shaped by, adolescent friendships. Social Science and Medicine, 73, 719–728.
Delk, J., Springer, A. E., Kelder, S. H., & Grayless, M. (2014). Promoting teacher adoption of physical activity breaks in the classroom: Findings of the central texas CATCH middle school project. Journal of School Health, 84(11), 722–730.
Aftaletekst. (2013). Aftale mellem regeringen ( Socialdemokraterne , Radikale Venstre og Socialistisk Folkeparti ), Venstre og Dansk Folkeparti om et fagligt løft af folkeskolen. Ministeriet for Børn, Undervisning Og Ligestilling, 1–32. Retrieved from http://www.kl.dk/Fagomrader/Folkeskolen/Folkeskolereformen/
Dishman, R. K., Saunders, R. P., Motl, R. W., Dowda, M. & Pate, R. R. (2009). Self-Efficacy Moderates the Relation Between Declines in Physical Activity and Perceived Social Support in High School Girls. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34(4), 441–451.
Durlak, J. A. & DuPre, E. P. (2008). Implementation matters: A review of research on the influence of implementation on program outcomes and the factors affecting implementation. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41(3–4), 327–350.
Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C. M., Sallis, J. F., & Veiga, O. L. (2015). Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport / Sports Medicine Australia, 18(5), 534–539.
Gately, P., Curtis, C. & Hardaker, R. (2013). An evaluation in UK schools of a classroom-based physical activity programme - TAKE 10! ®: A qualitative analysis of the teachers’ perspective. Education and Health, 31(4), 73–78.
Gibson, C. A., Smith, B. K., DuBose, K. D., Leon Greene, J., Bailey, B. W., Williams, S. L., … Sullivan -, D. K. (2008). Physical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(36), 1–11.
Gilmore, T. & Donohoe, H. (2016). Elementary school generalist teachers perceived competence to deliver Ontarios daily physical activity program. Loisir et Societe, 39(1), 135–144.
Goh, T. L., Hannon, J. C., Newton, M., Webster, C., Podlog, L., & Pillow, W. (2013). “I’ll Squeeze It In”: Transforming Preservice Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions Toward Movement Integration in Schools. Action in Teacher Education, 35(4), 286–300.
Holt, E., Bartee, T. & Heelan, K. (2013). Evaluation of a Policy to Integrate Physical Activity Into the School Day. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10, 480–487.
Howie, E. K., Newman-Norlund, R. D. & Pate, R. R. (2014). Smiles count but minutes matter: Responses to classroom exercise breaks. American Journal of Health Behavior, 38(5), 681–689.
Juul, K. G. & Østergaard, S. (2016). Børns og unges motionsvaner og skole-forenings-samarbejder i otte kommuner. Center for Ungdomsstudier (CUR).
Jørgensen, H.T. (2017). Bevægelse kan fremme elevernes sundhed, trivsel og læring. - Et overblik over det forskningsæssige grundlag for indførelsen af motion og bevægelse i skolen. Unge Pædagoger, 1, 4-12.
KORA, Jacobsen, R. H., Bjørnholt, B., Krassel, K. F., Nørgaard, E., Jakobsen, S. T., … Nygaard, H. (2017). En længere og mere varieret skoledag. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
KORA, Jacobsen, R. H., Hønge, L., Og, F., & Søndergaard, N. M. (2015). En længere og mere varieret skoledag - Kortlægningsrapport 2015. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
KORA, LadeKjær, E., & Hjarbech, P. (2016b). Undersøgelse af Krop og Kompetencer. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
Langille, J.-L. D. & Rodgers, W. M. (2010). Exploring the Influence of a Social Ecological Model on School-Based Physical Activity. Health Education & Behavior, 37(6), 879–894.
Larsen, T., Samdal, O. & Tjomsland, H. (2013). Physical activity in schools A qualitative case study of eight Norwegian schools’ experiences with the implementation of a national policy. Health Education, 113(1), 52–63.
Lowden, K., Powney, janet, Davidson, J. & James, C. (2001). The Class Moves! Pilot in Scotland and Wales - An Evaluation. Glasgow.
Mahar, M. T., Murphy, S. K., Rowe, D. A., Golden, J., Shields, A. T. & Raedeke, T. D. (2006). Effects of a classroom-based program on physical activity and on-task behavior. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(12), 2086–2094.
McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A. & Glanz, K. (1988). An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs. In Winter (Ed.), Health Education Quaterly (Vol. 15, pp. 351–377). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
McMullen, J., Kulinna, P. & Cothran, D. (2014). Physical Activity Opportunities during the School Day: Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Using Activity Breaks in the Classroom. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 33(4), 511–527.
Morgan, P. J. & Hansen, V. (2008). Classroom teachers’ perceptions of the impact of barriers to teaching physical education on the quality of physical education programs. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(4), 506–516.
Mullender-Wijnsma, M. J., Hartman, E., de Greeff, J. W., Bosker, R. J., Doolaard, S., & Visscher, C. (2015). Improving Academic Performance of School-Age Children by Physical Activity in the Classroom: 1-Year Program Evaluation. Journal of School Health, 85(6), 365–371.
Naylor, P., Macdonald, H. M., Zebedee, J. A., Reed, K. E. & Mckay, H. A. (2006). Lessons learned from Action Schools ! BC —– An “ active school ” model to promote physical activity in elementary schools. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 9, 413–423.
Parks, M., Solmon, M., & Lee, A. (2007). Understanding Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Integrating Physical Activity: A Collective Efficacy Perspective. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 21(3), 316–328.
Pawson, R., Greenhalgh, T., Harvey, G. & Walshe, K. (2005). Realist review--a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 10 Suppl 1, 21–34.
Rasberry, C. N., Lee, S. M., Robin, L., Laris, B. A., Russell, L. A., Coyle, K. K. & Nihiser, A. J. (2011). The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance: A systematic review of the literature. Preventive Medicine, 52(SUPPL.), S10–S20.
Riley, N., Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J. & Young, M. (2015). Outcomes and process evaluation of a programme integrating physical activity into the primary school mathematics curriculum: The EASY Minds pilot randomised controlled trial. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(6), 656–661.
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5th edition (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Sallis, J. F., Owen, N., & Fisher, E. B. (2008). Ecological models of health behavior. In K. Glanz, B. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice (4th ed., pp. 465–485). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Standage, M., Gillison, F., Ntoumanis, N., & Treasure, D. C. (2012). Predicting students’ physical activity and health-related well-being: a prospective cross-domain investigation of motivation across school physical education and exercise settings. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 34, 37–60.
Strong, W. B., Malina, R. M., Blimkie, C. J. R., Daniels, S. R., Dishman, R. K., Gutin, B., … Trudeau, F. (2005). Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. The Journal of Pediatrics, 146(6), 732–737.
Stylianou, M., Kulinna, P. H., & Naiman, T. (2016). “ … because there ” s nobody who can just sit that long ’: Teacher perceptions of classroom-based physical activity and related management issues.
van Sluijs, E. M. E. M. F., McMinn, A. M. A. M., & Griffin, S. J. S. J. (2008). Effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity in children and adolescents: systematic review of controlled trials. Bmj., 42(8), 653–657.
Webster, C. (2011). Relationships Between Personal Biography and Changes in Preservice Classroom Teachers ’ Physical Activity Promotion Competence and Attitudes. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 30, 320–339.
Webster, C., Monsma, E., & Erwin, H. (2010). The Role of Biographical Characteristics in Preservice Classroom Teachers’ School Physical Activity Promotion Attitudes. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 358–377.
Webster, C., Buchan, H., Perreault, M., Doan, R., Doutis, P. & Weaver, R. G. (2015). An Exploratory Study of Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Physical Activity Promotion From a Social Learning Perspective. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 34(3), 474–495.
Webster, C., Caputi, P., Perreault, M., Doan, R., Doutis, P. & Weaver, R. G. (2013a). Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Adoption of Physical Activity Promotion in the Context of a Statewide Policy: An Innovation Diffusion and Socio-Ecologic Perspective. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 32, 419–440.
Webster, C., Erwin, H. & Parks, M. (2013b). Relationships between and changes in preservice classroom teachers’ efficacy beliefs, willingness to integrate movement, and perceived barriers to movement integration. Physical Educator, 70(3), 314–335.
Allison, K. R., Vu-Nguyen, K., Ng, B., Schoueri-Mychasiw, N., Dwyer, J. J. M., Manson, H., … Robertson, J. (2016). Evaluation of Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy implementation in Ontario: surveys of elementary school administrators and teachers. BMC Public Health, 16.
Bartholomew, J. B. & Jowers, E. M. (2011). Physically active academic lessons in elementary children. Preventive Medicine, 52, 51–54.
Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., Ryan, R. M., Bosch, J. A. & Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C. (2011). Self-Determination Theory and Diminished Functioning- The Role of Interpersonal Control and Psychological Need Thwarting Personality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(11), 1459–1473.
Benes, S., Finn, K. E., Sullivan, E. C. & Yan, Z. (2016). Teachers ’ Perceptions of Using Movement in the Classroom, 73, 110–135.
Biddle, S. J. H. & Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med, 45(11), 886–895.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Book. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bryan, L. C., & Solmon, M. A. (2012). Student Motivation in Physical Education and Engagement in Physical Activity. Journal of Sport Behavior Research Library Pg, 35(3), 267–285.
Bunketorp Käll, L., Malmgren, H., Olsson, E., Lindén, T., & Nilsson, M. (2015). Effects of a Curricular Physical Activity Intervention on Children’s School Performance, Wellness, and Brain Development. The Journal of School Health, 85(10), 704.
Cothran, D. J., Kulinna, P. H. & Garn, A. C. (2010). Classroom teachers and physical activity integration. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(7), 1381–1388.
De la Haye, K., Robins, G., Mohr, P., & Wilson, C. (2011). How physical activity shapes, and is shaped by, adolescent friendships. Social Science and Medicine, 73, 719–728.
Delk, J., Springer, A. E., Kelder, S. H., & Grayless, M. (2014). Promoting teacher adoption of physical activity breaks in the classroom: Findings of the central texas CATCH middle school project. Journal of School Health, 84(11), 722–730.
Aftaletekst. (2013). Aftale mellem regeringen ( Socialdemokraterne , Radikale Venstre og Socialistisk Folkeparti ), Venstre og Dansk Folkeparti om et fagligt løft af folkeskolen. Ministeriet for Børn, Undervisning Og Ligestilling, 1–32. Retrieved from http://www.kl.dk/Fagomrader/Folkeskolen/Folkeskolereformen/
Dishman, R. K., Saunders, R. P., Motl, R. W., Dowda, M. & Pate, R. R. (2009). Self-Efficacy Moderates the Relation Between Declines in Physical Activity and Perceived Social Support in High School Girls. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34(4), 441–451.
Durlak, J. A. & DuPre, E. P. (2008). Implementation matters: A review of research on the influence of implementation on program outcomes and the factors affecting implementation. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41(3–4), 327–350.
Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C. M., Sallis, J. F., & Veiga, O. L. (2015). Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport / Sports Medicine Australia, 18(5), 534–539.
Gately, P., Curtis, C. & Hardaker, R. (2013). An evaluation in UK schools of a classroom-based physical activity programme - TAKE 10! ®: A qualitative analysis of the teachers’ perspective. Education and Health, 31(4), 73–78.
Gibson, C. A., Smith, B. K., DuBose, K. D., Leon Greene, J., Bailey, B. W., Williams, S. L., … Sullivan -, D. K. (2008). Physical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(36), 1–11.
Gilmore, T. & Donohoe, H. (2016). Elementary school generalist teachers perceived competence to deliver Ontarios daily physical activity program. Loisir et Societe, 39(1), 135–144.
Goh, T. L., Hannon, J. C., Newton, M., Webster, C., Podlog, L., & Pillow, W. (2013). “I’ll Squeeze It In”: Transforming Preservice Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions Toward Movement Integration in Schools. Action in Teacher Education, 35(4), 286–300.
Holt, E., Bartee, T. & Heelan, K. (2013). Evaluation of a Policy to Integrate Physical Activity Into the School Day. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10, 480–487.
Howie, E. K., Newman-Norlund, R. D. & Pate, R. R. (2014). Smiles count but minutes matter: Responses to classroom exercise breaks. American Journal of Health Behavior, 38(5), 681–689.
Juul, K. G. & Østergaard, S. (2016). Børns og unges motionsvaner og skole-forenings-samarbejder i otte kommuner. Center for Ungdomsstudier (CUR).
Jørgensen, H.T. (2017). Bevægelse kan fremme elevernes sundhed, trivsel og læring. - Et overblik over det forskningsæssige grundlag for indførelsen af motion og bevægelse i skolen. Unge Pædagoger, 1, 4-12.
KORA, Jacobsen, R. H., Bjørnholt, B., Krassel, K. F., Nørgaard, E., Jakobsen, S. T., … Nygaard, H. (2017). En længere og mere varieret skoledag. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
KORA, Jacobsen, R. H., Hønge, L., Og, F., & Søndergaard, N. M. (2015). En længere og mere varieret skoledag - Kortlægningsrapport 2015. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
KORA, LadeKjær, E., & Hjarbech, P. (2016b). Undersøgelse af Krop og Kompetencer. København. Retrieved from www.kora.dk.
Langille, J.-L. D. & Rodgers, W. M. (2010). Exploring the Influence of a Social Ecological Model on School-Based Physical Activity. Health Education & Behavior, 37(6), 879–894.
Larsen, T., Samdal, O. & Tjomsland, H. (2013). Physical activity in schools A qualitative case study of eight Norwegian schools’ experiences with the implementation of a national policy. Health Education, 113(1), 52–63.
Lowden, K., Powney, janet, Davidson, J. & James, C. (2001). The Class Moves! Pilot in Scotland and Wales - An Evaluation. Glasgow.
Mahar, M. T., Murphy, S. K., Rowe, D. A., Golden, J., Shields, A. T. & Raedeke, T. D. (2006). Effects of a classroom-based program on physical activity and on-task behavior. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(12), 2086–2094.
McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A. & Glanz, K. (1988). An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs. In Winter (Ed.), Health Education Quaterly (Vol. 15, pp. 351–377). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
McMullen, J., Kulinna, P. & Cothran, D. (2014). Physical Activity Opportunities during the School Day: Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Using Activity Breaks in the Classroom. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 33(4), 511–527.
Morgan, P. J. & Hansen, V. (2008). Classroom teachers’ perceptions of the impact of barriers to teaching physical education on the quality of physical education programs. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(4), 506–516.
Mullender-Wijnsma, M. J., Hartman, E., de Greeff, J. W., Bosker, R. J., Doolaard, S., & Visscher, C. (2015). Improving Academic Performance of School-Age Children by Physical Activity in the Classroom: 1-Year Program Evaluation. Journal of School Health, 85(6), 365–371.
Naylor, P., Macdonald, H. M., Zebedee, J. A., Reed, K. E. & Mckay, H. A. (2006). Lessons learned from Action Schools ! BC —– An “ active school ” model to promote physical activity in elementary schools. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 9, 413–423.
Parks, M., Solmon, M., & Lee, A. (2007). Understanding Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Integrating Physical Activity: A Collective Efficacy Perspective. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 21(3), 316–328.
Pawson, R., Greenhalgh, T., Harvey, G. & Walshe, K. (2005). Realist review--a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 10 Suppl 1, 21–34.
Rasberry, C. N., Lee, S. M., Robin, L., Laris, B. A., Russell, L. A., Coyle, K. K. & Nihiser, A. J. (2011). The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance: A systematic review of the literature. Preventive Medicine, 52(SUPPL.), S10–S20.
Riley, N., Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J. & Young, M. (2015). Outcomes and process evaluation of a programme integrating physical activity into the primary school mathematics curriculum: The EASY Minds pilot randomised controlled trial. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(6), 656–661.
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5th edition (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Sallis, J. F., Owen, N., & Fisher, E. B. (2008). Ecological models of health behavior. In K. Glanz, B. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice (4th ed., pp. 465–485). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Standage, M., Gillison, F., Ntoumanis, N., & Treasure, D. C. (2012). Predicting students’ physical activity and health-related well-being: a prospective cross-domain investigation of motivation across school physical education and exercise settings. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 34, 37–60.
Strong, W. B., Malina, R. M., Blimkie, C. J. R., Daniels, S. R., Dishman, R. K., Gutin, B., … Trudeau, F. (2005). Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. The Journal of Pediatrics, 146(6), 732–737.
Stylianou, M., Kulinna, P. H., & Naiman, T. (2016). “ … because there ” s nobody who can just sit that long ’: Teacher perceptions of classroom-based physical activity and related management issues.
van Sluijs, E. M. E. M. F., McMinn, A. M. A. M., & Griffin, S. J. S. J. (2008). Effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity in children and adolescents: systematic review of controlled trials. Bmj., 42(8), 653–657.
Webster, C. (2011). Relationships Between Personal Biography and Changes in Preservice Classroom Teachers ’ Physical Activity Promotion Competence and Attitudes. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 30, 320–339.
Webster, C., Monsma, E., & Erwin, H. (2010). The Role of Biographical Characteristics in Preservice Classroom Teachers’ School Physical Activity Promotion Attitudes. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 358–377.
Webster, C., Buchan, H., Perreault, M., Doan, R., Doutis, P. & Weaver, R. G. (2015). An Exploratory Study of Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Physical Activity Promotion From a Social Learning Perspective. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 34(3), 474–495.
Webster, C., Caputi, P., Perreault, M., Doan, R., Doutis, P. & Weaver, R. G. (2013a). Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Adoption of Physical Activity Promotion in the Context of a Statewide Policy: An Innovation Diffusion and Socio-Ecologic Perspective. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 32, 419–440.
Webster, C., Erwin, H. & Parks, M. (2013b). Relationships between and changes in preservice classroom teachers’ efficacy beliefs, willingness to integrate movement, and perceived barriers to movement integration. Physical Educator, 70(3), 314–335.
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2017-10-11
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Jørgensen, H. T., & Troelsen, J. (2017). Implementeringen af motion og bevægelse i skolen – et review af hæmmende og fremmende faktorer set i et lærerperspektiv. Studier I læreruddannelse Og -Profession, 2(2), 84–105. https://doi.org/10.7146/lup.v2i2.27711
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