Data literacy som en sammensat kompetence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/lom.v11i19.104025Nøgleord:
data literacy, informatik, literacy, teknologiforståelse, tværfaglighedResumé
Data literacy defineres som en sammensat kompetence i spændingsfeltet mellem kompetencer i statistik samt datavisualisering og mere overordnede dispositioner og kompetencer i at undersøge problemer og søge løsninger ved hjælp af data. Data literacy foreslås derfor som et element i digitale dannelse, der flytter grænsen ift. hvad det betyder at være ‘dannet’ i informationssamfundet.
Artiklen forsøger at besvare spørgsmålet om hvorvidt idealet om en ‘citizen data scientist’ - eller datakyndig medborger - er en realistik rollemodel, som med fordel kan inddrages i undervisning, eller om data science udelukkende er et domæne for specialister?
Med udgangspunkt i eksempler af ressourcer og praksisser, som kræver data literacy, men samtidig understøtter tilegnelse af samme, argumenterer artiklen for at data literacy bedst defineres som en sammensat kompetence, der først og fremmest kan tilskrives et undersøgende praksisfællesskab frem for en enkelte individ. Definitionen kalder derfor på nye samarbejder mellem faglige områder samt arbejdsformer, som kan integrere forskellige kompetencetyper og -niveauer på tværs af fag.
Downloads
Referencer
Allingstrup, M., & Wissing, M. (2016). Dansk studerende offentliggør 70.000 brugere af datingsite. DR Nyheder, d. 16. maj. https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/penge/dansk-studerende-offentliggoer-70000-brugere-af-datingsite
Andreassen, Andreas Marckmann (2011). Detektor - nu også på DR2. Journalisten, d. 13. oktober. http://journalisten.dk/detektor-nu-ogsa-pa-dr2
Bauer, T., Gigerenzer, G., & Krämer, W. (2014). Warum dick nicht doof macht und Genmais nicht tötet: Über Risiken und Nebenwirkungen der Unstatistik. Frankfurt: Campus.
Benjamins, A., (2009). Teach statistics before calculus! TED, februar. https://www.ted.com/talks/arthur_benjamin_s_formula_for_changing_math_education
Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (2005). Technology and literacies: from print literacy to dialogic literacy. In N. Bascia, A. Cumming, A. Datnow, K. Leithwood, & D. Livingstone (Eds.), International handbook of educational policy, s. 749–762. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3201-3_39
Bell, G., Hey, T., & Szalay, A. (2009). Beyond the Data Deluge. Science, 323(5919), 1297–1298. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1170411
Beyond Data Literacy (2015). Beyond Data Literacy: Reinventing Community Engagement and Empowerment in the Age of Data. Data-Pop Alliance White Paper Series. Data-Pop Alliance (Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, MIT Media Lab and Overseas Development Institute) and Internews. September 2015.
Boud, D., Cohen, R., & Sampson, J. (1999). Peer Learning and Assessment. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 24(4), 413–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293990240405
Bransford, J. D., & Schwartz, D. L. (1999). Rethinking transfer: A simple proposal with multiple implications. Review of Research in Education, 24, 61–100.
Breinstrup, T. (2017). Trods større optag skriger erhvervslivet stadig på IT-specialister. Berlingske Business, d. 28. juli. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.business.dk/content/item/432023
Bruschi, M. (2017). L’Italia delle slot. Ovvero: di Foia, pdf, database e inchieste collettive [Slot-machines in Italy: about Freedom-of-information-act, pdf, database and collective inquiry]. Medium/VisualLab, d. 29. december. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://medium.com/visuallab/litalia-delle-slot-ovvero-di-foia-pdf-database-e-inchieste-collettive-562686eb2f02
Caspersen, M.E. (2017). Computational Thinking. I J. Dolin, G. Holten Ingerslev & Hanne Sparholt Jørgensen (Red.), Gymnasiepædagogik. En grundbog. København: Hans Reitzels, s. 470-478.
Clio Infra (2016). Website. https://www.clio-infra.eu/
Christensen, V. Tornhøj (red.) (2016). PISA 2015 – Danske unge i en international sammenligning. København: KORA. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/udd/folke/pdf16/dec/161206-pisa-2015-danske-unge-i-en-international-sammenligning.pdf
Convay, Drew (2013). The data science Venn diagram. Blog post, March 26th. http://drewconway.com/zia/2013/3/26/the-data-science-venn-diagram
Eriksson, Tim (2017). Smelling like data science. Blog post, Februar 26th, hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://bestcase.wordpress.com/2017/02/21/smelling-like-data-science/
Frank, M., Walker, J., Attard, J., Tygel, A. (2016). Data Literacy: what is it and how can we make it happen? Editorial. The Journal of Community Informatics, 12(3), 4-8. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra http://ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/article/view/1347
Fung, D. (2017). A Connected Curriculum for Higher Education. London: UCL Pres. https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781911576358
Garrison, D. R. (2016). Thinking collaboratively: Learning in a community of inquiry. London, UK: Routledge.
Garrison, D. R., & Anderson, T. (2003). E-learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice. London, UK: RoutledgeFalmer. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203166093
Gartner (2016). Gartner Says More Than 40 Percent of Data Science Tasks Will Be Automated by 2020. Blog post, hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3570917
GEDI (2017). L’Italia delle slot [Spilleautomaternes Italien]. Website. GEDI Gruppo Editoriale. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra http://lab.gruppoespresso.it/finegil/2017/italia-delle-slot/
Gray, J., Bounegru, L. & Chambers, L. (2012). The Data Journalism Handbook. How Journalists Can Use Data to Improve the News. Open Knowledge Foundation. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra http://datajournalismhandbook.net/1.0/en/
Harari, Y. N. (2016). Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow. New York: Random House.
Hey, T., Tansley, S., & Tolle, K. (2009). The Fourth Paradigm: Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Research. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/fourth-paradigm-data-intensive-scientific-discovery/
Horning, A. S. (2007). Reading across the curriculum as the key to student success. Across the Disciplines, 4, d. 14. maj. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://wac.colostate.edu/atd/articles/horning2007.cfm
Hou, Y., & Wang, D. (2017). Hacking with NPOs: Collaborative Analytics and Broker Roles in Civic Data Hackathons. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 1 (CSCW), 53:1-53:16. https://doi.org/10.1145/3134688
Innes, J. E., & Booher, D. E. (2010). Planning with complexity: An introduction to collaborative rationality for public policy. London, UK: Routledge.
Johns T. F. (1991). Should you be persuaded - Two samples of data-driven learning materials. ELR Journal, (4), 1-16. https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/31165100/Tim_Johns_and_DDL.pdf
Kayser-Bril, N. (2016). Don’t ask much from data literacy. The Journal of Community Informatics, 12(3), 217—222. http://www.ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/article/view/1297
Leńko-Szymańska, A. & Boulton, A. (Eds) (2015). Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning. Studies in Corpus Linguistics (SCL), 69. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.69
Lindeskov, L. & Weng, P. (2010). 15 matematikopgaver i PISA: et materiale for matematiklærere og andre med interesse i grundskolens matematikundervisning. København: Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitetsskole, Aarhus Universitet, 2010.
Læreplan - Biologi B - stx (2017). Læreplaner: Biologi B - stx2017. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/gym-laereplaner-2017/stx/biologi-b-stx-august-2017.pdf
Læreplan - Dansk A - stx (2017). Læreplaner: Dansk A - stx2017.. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/gym-laereplaner-2017/stx/dansk-a-stx-august-2017.pdf
Læreplan - Informatik B - htx (2017). Læreplaner: Informatik B - htx2017. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/gym-laereplaner-2017/hhx/informatik-b-hhx-og-htx-august-2017.pdf
Læreplan - Matematik A - htx (2017). Læreplaner: Matematik A - htx2017. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/gym-laereplaner-2017/hhx/matematik-a-hhx-og-htx-august-2017.pdf
Læreplan - Samfundsfag A - stx (2017). Læreplaner: Samfundsfag A - stx2017. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/gym-laereplaner-2017/stx/samfundsfag-a-stx-august-2017.pdf
Markauskaite, L., & Goodyear, P. (2016). Epistemic fluency and professional education: innovation, knowledgeable action and actionable knowledge. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4369-4
Mau, Steffen (2017). Das metrische Wir - Über die Quantifizierung des Sozialen. Berlin: Suhrkamp.
Mayer-Schönberger, V. & Cukier, K. (2013) Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
McCook, A. (2016). Publicly available data on thousands of OKCupid users pulled over copyright claim. Retraction Watch, d. 16. maj. http://retractionwatch.com/2016/05/16/publicly-available-data-on-thousands-of-okcupid-users-pulled-over-copyright-claim/
Naimi, A. I., & Westreich, D. J. (2014). Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179(9), 1143–1144. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwu085
Nepper Larsen, Steen (2017). Internettets ’stille giganter’ er på jagt efter de gode tal. Information, d. 11. november. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.information.dk/moti/anmeldelse/2017/11/internettets-stille-giganter-paa-jagt-gode-tal
OECD (2009). Take the test. Sample questions from OECD’s PISA assessments. Paris: OECD Publishing. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/Take%20the%20test%20e%20book.pdf
OECD (2013). PISA 2012 Results: What Makes Schools Successful? Resources, Policies and Practices (Volume IV). Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264201156-en
OECD (2016). PISA 2015 Assessment and Analytical Framework: Science, Reading, Mathematic and Financial Literacy. Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264255425-en
Open Data (n.d.). Wikipedia. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data
Pawlowski, S. D. & Robey D. (2004). Bridging user organizations: Knowledge brokering and the work of information technology professionals. MIS Quarterly 28 (4), 645-672.
Parkkinen, J. (2015). Data scientist - statistician, programmer, consultant and visualizer? My personal attempt to define a data scientist. Blog post. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://ouzor.github.io/blog/2015/02/02/data-science-definition.html
Pentland, A. (2013). The Data-Driven Society. Scientific American, 309(4), 78–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1013-78
Piatetsky-Shapiro, Gregory (2016). The Mirage of a Citizen Data Scientist. Blog post. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.kdnuggets.com/2016/03/mirage-citizen-data-scientist.html
Presser, S. & Stinson, L. (1998). Data Collection Mode and Social Desirability Bias in Self-Reported Religious Attendance. American Sociological Review , 63:137-45. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657486
Resnik, B. (2016). Researchers just released profile data on 70,000 OkCupid users without permission. Vox, d. 12. maj. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.vox.com/2016/5/12/11666116/70000-okcupid-users-data-release
Ridsdale, C., Rothwell, J., Smit, M., Ali-Hassan, H., Bliemel, M., Irvine, D., … Wuetherick, B. (2015). Strategies and Best Practices for Data Literacy Education: Knowledge Synthesis Report. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://www.mikesmit.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/data_literacy.pdf
Roser, Max (2018). Our world in data. Web publication. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://ourworldindata.org/
Roser, Max & Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban (2017). World Population Growth. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://ourworldindata.org/world-population-growth
Rosling, Hans (2006). The best stats you’ve ever seen. TED Talks, february 2006. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_shows_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen
Samuels, R. (2008). Auto-Modernity after Postmodernism: Autonomy and Automation in Culture, Technology, and Education. In M. Tara (Ed.), Digital Youth, Innovation, and the Unexpected (pp. 219-240). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Schwartz, D. L., & Bransford, J. D. (1998). A time for telling. Cognition and Instruction, 16, 475–523. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci1604_4
Shapin, S. & Schaffer, S. (1985). Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle and the Experimental Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Sharif, Raed M. & and Van Schalkwyk, F. (2016). Special Issue on Open Data for Social Change and Sustainable Development. The Journal of Community Informatics 12(2). Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/issue/view/57
Stephenson, E. og Schifter Caravello, P. (2007). Incorporating data literacy into undergraduate information literacy programs in the social sciences: A pilot project. Reference Services Review, 53(4), 525-540. https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320710838354
Stott, Andrew. 2014. Open Data for Economic Growth. World Bank. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra. http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/Open-Data-for-Economic-Growth.pdf
Swan, K. , Vahey, P. , van 't Hooft, M. , Kratcoski, A. , Rafanan, K. , Stanford, T. , Yarnall, L. , & Cook, D. (2013). Problem-based Learning Across the Curriculum: Exploring the Efficacy of a Cross-curricular Application of Preparation for Future Learning. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1307
Sweller, J., & Cooper, G. A. (1985). The Use of Worked Examples as a Substitute for Problem Solving in Learning Algebra. Cognition and Instruction, 2(1), 59–89. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci0201_3
Stella, G. A. (2012). Il Tar multa il sindaco anti slot-machine [En bode til borgmesteren, der kæmper mod spillemaskinerne]. Corriere della Sera, d. 12. marts. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra http://www.corriere.it/cronache/12_marzo_23/stella-il-sindaco-anti-slot-machine_c5b92a22-74af-11e1-9cbf-6c08e5424a86.shtml
Talamo, G. & Manuguerra, G. (2016). The gambling sector: A socio-economic analysis of the case of Italy. Eastern European Business and Economics Journal, 2(4), 315-330. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://eebej.eu/Talamo-G-Manuguerra-G-2016-The-gambling-sector-A-socio-economic-analysis-of-the-case-of-Italy-Eastern-European-Business-and-Economics-Journal-24-315-330/
Teknologiforståelse valgfag (2017). Teknologiforståelse valgfag (forsøg) – Fælles Mål og læseplan. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.emu.dk/modul/teknologiforst%C3%A5else-valgfag-fors%C3%B8g-%E2%80%93-f%C3%A6lles-m%C3%A5l-og-l%C3%A6seplan
Thomsen, Anders Topp (2017). Danmark får 19 nye uddannelser. DR Nyheder, d. 12. december. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.dr.dk/ligetil/danmark-faar-19-nye-uddannelser
Tourangeau, R., Rips Lance J. & Rasinski Kenneth (2000). The Psychology of Survey Response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tribble, C. & Jones, G. (1990). Concordances in the classroom: A resource book for teachers. London: Longman.
Tække, J. & Paulsen, M. (2016). Undervisningsfællesskaber og læringsnetværk i den digitale tidsalder. Københvanv: Unge Pædagoger.
UVM (2016). Aftale mellem regeringen, Socialdemokraterne, Dansk Folkeparti, Liberal Alliance, Det Radikale Venstre, Socialistisk Folkeparti og Det Konservative Folkeparti om styrkede gymnasiale uddannelser. Undervisningsministeriet, d. 3. juni. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://www.uvm.dk/-/media/filer/uvm/udd/gym/pdf16/jun/160603-styrkede-gymnasiale-uddannelser.pdf
UVM (2017a). Generelt om læreplaner. Undervisningsministeriet. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://uvm.dk/gymnasiale-uddannelser/fag-og-laereplaner/om-laereplaner
UVM (2017b). Forsøg: Nyt valgfag skal ruste eleverne til mødet med den digitale udvikling. Undervisningsministeriet, d. 14. august. Hentet 01.02.2018 fra https://uvm.dk/aktuelt/nyheder/uvm/2017/august/170811-forsoeg--nyt-valgfag-skal-ruste-eleverne-til-moedet-med-den-digitale-udvikling
Vahey, P., Rafanan, K., Patton, C., Swan, K., Hooft, M. van ’t, Kratcoski, A., & Stanford, T. (2012). A cross-disciplinary approach to teaching data literacy and proportionality. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 81(2), 179–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-012-9392-z
Vermanen, J. (2012). Harnessing External Expertise Through Hackthons. In Gray, Bounegru & Chambers (2012). Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://datajournalismhandbook.net/1.0/en/in_the_newsroom_6.htm l
Wenger, E., (1999). Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wegerif, R. (2016). Applying dialogic theory to illuminate the relationship between literacy education and teaching thinking in the context of the Internet Age. L1–Educational Studies in Language and Literature, 16, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.17239/L1ESLL-2016.16.02.07
Wild, C. J. & Pfannkuch, M. (1999). Statistical thinking in empirical enquiry. International Statistical Review, 67(3) 223-248. Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra https://iase-web.org/documents/intstatreview/99.Wild.Pfannkuch.pdf
Wolff, A., Kortuem, G., & Cavero, J. (2015). Towards smart city education. 2015 Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT), 14-15 april, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1109/SustainIT.2015.7101381
Wolff, A., Gooch, D., Cavero Montaner, J. J., Rashid, U., & Kortuem, G. (2016). Creating an Understanding of Data Literacy for a Data-driven Society. The Journal of Community Informatics, 12(3). Hentet d. 01.02.2018 fra http://ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/article/view/1286
Downloads
Publiceret
Citation/Eksport
Nummer
Sektion
Licens
Artikler publiceret i Tidsskriftet for Læring og Medier er licenseret under en Creative Commons Navngivelse-IkkeKommerciel-IngenBearbejdelse 4.0 Unported Licens.
Forfattere bevarer deres ophavsret og giver tidsskriftet ret til første publicering, samtidigt med at værket er omfattet af Creative Commons Attribution-licensen: Navngivelse – Ikke-kommerciel - Ingen Bearbejdede Værker (by-nc-nd). Læs om licensen på http://www.creativecommons.dk/om/.
---
På LOM.dk kan du endvidere finde artikler fra det nu nedlagte Tidsskrift for Universiteternes Efter- og Videreuddannelse (UNEV). Vær opmærksom på, at der gælder særlige regler for UNEV artikler:
Det er forfatterne og evt. andre ophavsret indehavere, der har ophavsretten til artikler udgivet i UNEV regi, og det er en betingelse for adgang til artiklerne, at brugere anerkender og overholder de juridiske retningslinjer forbundet hermed.
- Brugere må downloade og printe én kopi af en hvilken som helst UNEV artikel mhp. private studier eller forskning.
- Det er ikke tilladt at videredistribuere artikler eller anvende disse til indtægtsdækkede aktiviteter eller kommercielle formål.
- Det er tilladt at distribuere URL’en til UNEV artikler.