Politisk teori som dekonstruktion og hegemoniteori – Derrida og Laclau og Mouffe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v58i1-2.165061Nøgleord:
politisk teori, Derrida, dekonstruktion, Laclau, Mouffe, hegemoni, populismeResumé
Artiklen diskuterer to udgaver af postfundering, hhv. Derridas dekonstruktion og Laclau og Mouffes hegemoniteori som udgangspunkt for politisk teori. Postfundering ændrer politisk teori på to afgørende måder. Dels problematiserer det den udbredte skelnen mellem deskriptiv empirisk statskundskab og normativ politisk teori (er og bør), da alle politiske begreber involverer politik og normativitet. Dette diskuteres i forhold til populisme som en særligt illustrativ case. Dels problematiseres idéen om, at opgaven for normativ politisk teori er universelle svar på, hvad der er moralsk rigtigt. Fra dekonstruktion får vi indsigten i idealernes – fx retfærdighed og demokratis – samtidige mulighed og umulighed. Videre viser hegemoniteori derfor, at disse idealer altid vil være specifikke fortolkninger, der ekskluderer andre mulige fortolkninger. Det gælder også for diskussioner om og anvendelse af begreber, og politisk teori fremstår derfor selv som en form for politiske interventioner.
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