The Danes' attitudes towards the welfare state

Resumé

The article examines the expectations within welfare state literature concerning the universal welfare model and public attitudes. A central argument is that it is not meaningful to conceptualize the welfare state as a single entity; rather, attention should be directed toward the distinct sectors that collectively comprise the welfare state. Each sector operates according to its own internal logic and is characterized by a unique attitudinal profile, which in turn shapes the potential dynamics of reform within that specific area. This perspective also relates to the notion of the social contract, which, in essence, concerns whether citizens perceive that they receive value in return for their taxes – particularly whether the welfare state is responsive when they personally are in need. Furthermore, Danish citizens often differentiate between various societal groups; not everyone is perceived as equally entitled to welfare benefits. While there is broad appreciation for the welfare state among Danes, this support is by no means unconditional. Public attitudes are also influenced by the political parties in which voters place their trust. Combined, these factors contribute to a nuanced landscape in which certain social groups and welfare arrangements are more susceptible to reform pressures than others.