Den tredje store -isme
Om alderisme og alderens betydning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/ks.v2023i1.137969Nøgleord:
Internaliseret alderisme, marginalisering, digitalisering, strukturel alderismeResumé
I de senere år har alderismen (aldersdiskrimination) på det danske arbejdsmarked været til debat. Men arbejdsmarkedet er kun et af de steder, hvor alderismen kommer til udtryk. Gennem etnografisk feltarbejde udforsker artiklen, hvordan alderisme opleves blandt ældre mennesker. Forfatteren analyserer, hvordan alderisme internaliseres og ofte bliver en del af ældre menneskers selvbillede.
I mange tilfælde opleves alderismen som subtil og acceptabel, mens den i andre opleves som konkret og marginaliserende. Artiklen belyser alderismens mange fremkomster og bidrager til diskussionen om, hvor udbredt alderisme er, og hvad alder betyder for vores måder at omgås på.
Referencer
Amilon, Anna 2022: Ældres levevilkår. I Andersen T.M. & Skaksen, J.R. (red.) Et aldrende Danmark. Gyldendal, 87-99.
Andersson, Janicke; Ekstam, Lisa, og Nilsson, Gabriella 2021: Mina barn tycker att jag ska vara försiktig. I Jönson, H. (red.) Perspektiv på ålderism (pp. 129-150). Social Work Press.
Bernard, H. Russell 2017: Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Washington DC: Rowman & Littlefield.
Blaakilde, Anne L. 1999: Den store fortælling om alderdommen. Munksgaard.
Blaakilde, Anne L. 2015: ”Den store moder”: Om ældre kvinder i dansk familihistorie. Livshistoriske interviews og narrative analyser. Tidsskriftet Gerontologi, 31:2, 20-25.
Blaakilde, Anne L. 2021: ”Fra ’generationskamp’ til ’generationssvigt’. Alderisme gennem to århundreder”. Tidsskriftet Gerontologi, 37:2, 20-23.
Bruckner, Pascal 2021: A brief eternity: The philosophy of longevity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Butler, Robert N. 1969: Age-ism: Another form of bigotry. The gerontologist, 9(4, 1), 243-246.
Bytheway, Bill 1995: Ageism. Open University Press.
Bytheway, Bill 2011: Unmasking age: The significance of age for social research. Policy Press.
CCDC. 2020: The epidemiological charateristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel Coronavirus diseases (COVID 19) – China 2020. http://www.neotropicalscience. com/uploads/4/6/7/6/46762515/covid-19.pdf
Cole, Thomas R. 1992: The journey of life: A cultural history of aging in America. Cambridge University Press.
Comfort, Alex 1977: A good age. Mitchell Beazley.
Dansk Erhverv 2019: Arbejdsmarkedsanalyser. Er der job til ledige over 60? https://www.danskerhverv.dk/siteassets/mediafolder/dokumenter/01-analyser/analysenotater-2019/ledige-seniorer-finder-job.pdf
de Grey, Aubrey D. 2013: The desperate need for a biomedically useful definition of “aging”. Rejuvenation research, 16(2), 89-90.
Dhingra, Ravi og Vasan, Ramachandran S. 2012: Age as a risk factor. Medical Clinics, 96(1), 87-91. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2011.11.003
Finkelstein, Lisa. M.; King, Eden B. og Voyles, Elora C. 2015: Age metastereotyping and cross-age workplace interactions: A meta view of age stereotypes at work. Work, Aging and Retirement, 1:1, 26-40.
Folker, Louise; Larsen, Marie G.; Bygballe, Line, S. og Lassen, Aske J. 2020: De erfarne – Rapport fra projektet ’Seniorpraksis’. Center for Humanistisk Sundhedsforskning, Københavns Universitet.
Gallup (2021). Index Danmark. Gallup.
Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret; Hafford-Letchfield, Trish; Benyamini, Yael; Phelan, Amanda; Jackson, Jeanne og Ayalon, Liat 2018: Ageism and sexuality. I Ayalon, L. & Tesch-Römer, C. Contemporary perspectives on ageism. Springer Open, s. 149-162.
Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret og Ayalon, Liat 2017: Physicians’ response to sexual dysfunction presented by a younger vs. an older adult. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 1476-1483. DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4638
Hjelholt, Morten; Schou, Jannick; Bojsen, Lena B. og Yndigegn, Signe L. 2021: Digital marginalisering af udsatte ældre – delrapport 2. København: IT-Universitet.
Holstein, Erik 2021: De unge er til klima, de ældre er til sundhed. Altinget https://www.altinget.dk/artikel/de-unge-er-til-klima-de-aeldre-er-til-sundhed
Jönson, Håkan 2013: We will be different! Ageism and the temporal construction of old age. The Gerontologist, 53(2), 198-204. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gns066
Katz, Jack 2001: Analytic induction. I N. J. Smelser, P. B. Baltes, N. J. Smelser, & P. B. Baltes (red.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences. The University of Michigan, 480–484.
Katz, Stephen og Marshall, Barbara L. 2004: Is the functional ‘normal’? Aging, sexuality and the bio-marking of successful living. History of the human sciences, 17(1), 53-75. DOI https://doi.org/10.1177/0952695104043584
Kendi, Ibram X. 2019: How to be an anti-racist. Random House Publishing Group.
Khan, Alina A. og Clotworthy, Amy 2022: Når den næste pandemi kommer: Mental sundhed og kronisk sygdom under Covid-19. Gerontologi, 38:2, 28-31.
Kirk, Henning 2020: Godt nyt om gamle hjerner: Om hjernens livskarriere og voksenlivets vækstmuligheder. Gyldendal.
Kirk, Henning og Kühlmann, Lone 2012: Afskaf alderdommen – bliv i de voksnes rækker. Gyldendal.
Larsen, Mona og Amilon, Anna 2019: Tilbagetrækningsalder og tilbagetrækningsårsager. VIVE: København.
Lassen, Aske J. 2020a: Pension fungerer i dag som en form for borgerløn. Kronik i Information, 23. december. https://www.information.dk/debat/2020/12/pension-fungerer-dag-form-borgerloen
Lassen, Aske J. 2020b: Livets tredje akt: Frit fald eller frit fald i livet på tærsklen til pension. EgoLibris/Indblik.
Lassen, Aske J. 2022: SENESKIFT – Når seniorer skal finde nyt job. Ældre Sagen. https://www.aeldresagen.dk/presse/viden-om-aeldre/analyser-ogundersoegelser/2022-rapport-sene-skift
Lederne 2021: Ledere vil gerne ansætte seniorer. https://www.lederne.dk/presseog- nyheder/analyser-og-undersoegelser/arbejdsmarked-og-oekonomi/lederevil-gerne-ansaette-seniorer
Levy, Becca R. 2001: Eradication of ageism requires addressing the enemy within. The Gerontologist, 41:5, 578-579.
Levy, Becca R. og Banaji, Mahzarin R. 2002: Implicit ageism. Ageism: Stereotyping and prejudice against older persons, 2004, 49-75.
Lindahl-Jacobsen, Rune og Jeune, Bernard 2022: Coronapandemien hos den ældre befolkning – risikofaktorer og dødelighed. Gerontologi, 38:2, 4-8.
Malinen, Sanna og Johnston, Lucy 2013: Workplace ageism: Discovering hidden bias. Experimental aging research, 39(4), 445-465.
Marshall, Barbara L. 2011: The graying of “sexual health”: A critical research agenda. Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie, 48(4), 390-413. DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618X.2011.01270.x
Marshall, Barbara L. og Katz, Stephen 2012: The embodied life course: Post-ageism or the renaturalization of gender?. Societies, 2:4, 222-234. DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/soc2040222
McGonagle, Alyssa K.; Fisher, Gwenith G.; Barnes-Farrell, Janet L. og Grosch, James W. 2015: Individual and work factors related to perceived work ability and labor force outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100:2, 376. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037974
Meng, Annette; Jensen, Per H.; Albertsen, Karen; Sundstrup, Emil og Andersen, Lars L. 2020: Stereotypier, fordomme og aldersdiskrimination. I Jensen, Per H. (red.) Seniorarbejdsliv. Frydenlund Academic: Frederiksberg, 191-206.
Moreira, Tiago; Hansen, Asger Å. og Lassen, Aske J. 2020: From quantified to qualculated age: The health pragmatics of biological age measurement. Sociology of Health & Illness, 42:6, 1344-1358. DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13109
Moreira, Tiago 2016: Science, technology and the ageing society. Routledge.
Ng, Thomas W. og Feldman, Daniel C. 2012: Evaluating six common stereotypes about older workers with meta-analytical data. Personnel psychology, 65(4), 821-858.
Raemdonck, Isabel; Beausaert, Simon; Fröhlich, Dominik; Kochoian, Nané og Meurant, Caroline 2015: Aging workers’ learning and employability. I Aging workers and the employee-employer relationship. Springer, Cham, 163-184.
Romaioli, Diego og Contarello, Alberta 2021: Resisting ageism through lifelong learning. Mature students’ counter-narratives to the construction of aging as decline. Journal of Aging Studies, 57, 100934. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100934
Rudolph, Cort W.; Rauvola, Rachel S.; Costanza, David P. og Zacher, Hannes 2021: Generations and generational differences: Debunking myths in organizational science and practice and paving new paths forward. Journal of business and psychology, 36(6), 945-967.
Seniortænketanken 2019: Hvad kendetegner langtidsledige seniorer. https://bm.dk/media/11796/hvad-kendetegner-langtidsledige-seniorer.pdf
Schou, Jannick og Pors, Anja S. 2019: Digital by default? A qualitative study of exclusion in digitalised welfare. Social policy & administration, 53(3), 464-477. DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12470
Shiovitz-Ezra, Sharon; Shemesh, Jonathan og Mcdonnell/Naughton Mary 2018: Pathways from ageism to loneliness. I Ayalon, Liat og Tesch-Römer, Clemens (red.) Contemporary perspectives on ageism. Springer, Cham, 131-147.
Simpson, Paul; Wilson, Christone B.; Brown, Laura J.; Dickinson, Tommy og Horne, Maria 2018: ‘We’ve had our sex life way back’: older care home residents, sexuality and intimacy. Ageing & Society, 38(7), 1478-1501.
Timmermans, Stefan og Epstein, Steven 2010: A world of standards but not a standard world: Toward a sociology of standards and standardization. Annual review of Sociology, 36(1), 69-89.
Vickerstaff, Sarah og Van der Horst, Mariska 2022: Embodied ageism:“I don’t know if you do get to an age where you’re too old to learn”. Journal of Aging Studies, 62, 101054. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101054
Wada, Mineko; Clarke, Laura H. og Rozanova, Julia 2015: Constructions of sexuality in later life: Analyses of Canadian magazine and newspaper portrayals of online dating. Journal of Aging Studies, 32, 40-49. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2014.12.002
WHO 2020: Report on the WHO-China joint mission on Coronavirus Disease (Covid 19). Geneve: World Health Organization
WHO 2021: Global report on ageism. Geneve: World Health Organization
Zaniboni, Sara; Kmicinska, Malgorzata; Truxillo, Donald M; Kahn, Kimberly; Paladino, Maria P., og Fraccaroli, Franco 2019: Will you still hire me when I am over 50? The effects of implicit and explicit age stereotyping on resume evaluations. European journal of work and organizational psychology, 28(4), 453-467.
Ældre Sagen 2022: Ældre anvendelse af IT 2022. https://www.aeldresagen.dk/presse/viden-om-aeldre/aeldre-i-tal/2022-aeldres-it-anvendelse
Aabo, Marie G.; Mølgaard, Katrine og Lassen, Aske J. 2023: The worn-out syndrome: Uncertainties in late working life triggering retirement decisions. Plos ONE. DOI https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282905
Downloads
Publiceret
Citation/Eksport
Nummer
Sektion
Licens
Artikler udgivet i Kulturstudier må ikke frit offentliggøres på egne eller institutionelle hjemmesider i deres helhed det første år. I tilfælde af, at den institution man er tilknyttet kræver publicering indenfor systemet, kan man her med fordel angive en kort sammenfatning af artiklen, og så et link til Kulturstudier, hvor artiklen ellers er frit tilgængeligt.
