N.F.S. Grundtvig – an analysis based on theory from critical cultural heritage using private independent schools as a case study

Abstract

Grundtvig is cultural heritage with significance for the shaping of the Danish welfare society based on equality and freedom, and for the value set that the private independent schools have rested on for 150 years. This study investigates the significance of Grundtvig in private independent schools at a time when public schools are facing resistance, and the popularity of the private independent schools is increasing due to resourceful families choosing them. The article explores Grundtvig as cultural heritage, drawing on theory from critical cultural heritage and policy analysis. With an emphasis on that the public schools (and the private independent schools) should be characterized by motivation, equality, and democracy, I point out that the private independent schools reinforce motivation, equality, and democracy in a society permeated by effectiveness and measurable learning, while at the same time increasing inequality. This is explained by the requirement of school fees and, importantly, by the strong engagement expected of the users of private independent schools. The private independent schools provide an example of how Grundtvigian principles are becoming a source of exclusions.