Ulikhet, eksklusjon og borgerkrig
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v48i1.131414Abstract
Sentrale bidragsytere til nyere borgerkrigsforskning har sådd tvil om betydningen av sosial frustrasjon, og det blir ofte hevdet at empiriske data motbeviser at etnisitet eller ulikhet kan knyttes til høyere konfliktrisiko. Vi mener at dette standpunktet skyldes en manglende forståelse for hva som utgjør de viktigste sosiale skillelinjene i sårbare samfunn. I stedet for å definere sosial ulikhet som forskjeller mellom individer ser vi her på systematiske forskjeller mellom politisk relevante etniske grupper. Gjennom en statistisk analyse av alle borgerkriger siden 1960 finner vi at etnopolitisk diskriminering og økonomisk marginalisering av minoritetsgrupper bidrar vesentlig til å øke faren for konflikt. Tradisjonelle individbaserte mål på sosial ulikhet har derimot relativt liten forklaringskraft. Artikkelen er en bearbeidet versjon av arbeid som tidligere er publisert på engelsk.
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