Teaching and Practising Interdiscursivity in the Professional Areas of Engineering and Health – A Qualitative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v59i1.116972Keywords:
Professional Writing; Engineers; Physiotherapy; Health Professions; Academic Writing, InterdiscursivityAbstract
Knowing to write effectively is key to communication within the different interfaces of any professional role – client-facing, colleague-facing and/or public-facing. Complaints of poor service from professionals often focus on their failure to communicate, not merely in terms of politeness and consideration, but with respect to a lack of clear explanations underlying professional decisions. In other words, the process of interpreting their specialist body of knowledge to the client appears to be a great challenge. Communication that performs a translation function between the world of the professional and that of the client is ‘interdiscursive’: it involves a fusion of genres. Interdiscursivity also arises in communication within the workplace, for example in seeking or giving authorisation or advice. In this article, we examine the challenges that interdiscursive communication pose, from the point of view of engineering and of health professionals, some of whom are also teachers in these fields at university level. Our findings are based on interviews we conducted with these different groups. We hereby aim to extend the theoretical and contextual framework drawn up by a previous survey study. Although the interview participants show a certain awareness of interdiscursive writing skills, the conclusions drawn from this awareness differ between the groups, as well as between the employed versus the self-employed professionals. While the former group writes in a way that rather disregards the target audience and does not see much sense in learning and training writing skills, the latter group was obliged to find ways of managing the demands they faced.
References
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Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2004: Worlds of Written Discourse: A Genre-Based View. London: Continuum International.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2010: Interdiscursivity in professional communication. In Discourse and Communication 21(1), 32-50.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2017: Critical Genre Analysis: Investigating interdiscursive performance in professional practice. Oxford: Routledge.
Billet, Stephen 2015: Learning through Writing: Mimetic Processes in Action. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/ Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill, 12-31.
Boehm, Diane Christian 1993: Mozartians, Beethovians, and the Teaching of Writing. In The Quarterly 15(2), 15-18.
Breuer, Esther Odilia 2013: Idea Generation in L1 and FL Writing. In Archibald, Alasdair (ed.), Multilingual Theory and Practice in Applied Linguistics: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the British Association of Applied Linguistics. London: Scitsiugnil Press, 31-34.
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http://qudoublehelixjournal.org/index.php/dh/article/view/91/291. (Accessed 15 May 2018).
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Clyne, Michael 1987: Cultural Differences in the Organization of Academic Texts. In Journal of Pragmatics 11, 211-247.
Curry, Mary Jane/ Lillis, Theresa 2004: Multilingual Scholars and the Imperative to Publish in English: Negotiating Interests, Demands, and Rewards. In TESOL Quarterly 38(4), 663-688.
Fondiller, Shirley H./ Nerone, Barbara J. 2007: Health Professionals Style Manual. New York: Springer.
Freisleben-Teutscher, Christian F. 1996: Ärztebilder in den Medien. In Multimedia, 25-26.
Funk, Sandra G./ Tornquist, Elizabeth M. 2015: Writing Winning Proposals: For Nurses and Health Care Professionals. New York: Springer.
Galtung, Johan 1981: Structure, culture, and intellectual style: An essay comparing Saxonic, Teutonic, Gallic and Nipponic approaches. In Social Science Information 20(6), 817-856.
Hayes, John R. 1989: Writing Research: The Analysis of a Very Complex Task. In Klahr, David/ Kotovsky, Kevin (eds.), Complex Information Processing. The Impact of Herbert A. Simon. Hillsdale: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, 209-234.
Hayes, John R. 2012: Modelling and Remodelling Writing. In Written Communication 29(3), 369-388.
Henry, Jim 1998: Documenting Contributory Expertise: The Value Added by Technical Communicators in Collaborative Writing Situations. In Technical Communication 45(2), 207-220.
Hering, Heike 2015: Technische Berichte: Verständlich gliedern, gut gestalten, überzeugend vortragen. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien.
Hill, Sandra/ Griswold, Paula 2013: Potential for Collaborative Writing in Professional Communication and Health Studies through Service-Learning. In Business Communication Quarterly 76(1), 54-71.
Holden, Alexander C.L. 2017: Social media and professionalism: does the profession need to re-think the parameters of professionalism within social media. In Australian Dental Journal 62(1), 23-29.
Hyland, Ken 2004: Genre and Second Language Writing. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Juhl, Dietrich 2015: Technische Dokumentation: Praktische Anleitung und Beispiele. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Kennedy, Mary Lynch/ Smith, Hadley M. 2010: Reading and Writing in the Academic Community. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Kimble, Joseph 1997: Writing for Dollars, Writing to Please: The Case of Plain Language in Business, Government and Law. In The Scribes Journal of Legal Language 6, 1-38.
Kurunsaari, Merja/ Tynjälä, Päivi/ Pürainen, Arja 2015: Students’ Experiences of Reflective Writing as a Tool for Learning in Physiotherapy Education. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/ Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill, 129-151.
Larson, Magali S. 1977: The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Leitjen, Mariëlle/ Van Waes, Luuk/ Schriver, Karen/ Hayes, John R. 2014: Writing in the workplace: Constructing documents using multiple digital sources. In Journal of Writing Research 5(3), 285-337.
Lim, Jae Young 2009: The Effect of Communication between Doctor and Patient on Patient’s Medical Care Use. In Applied Economics Letters 16(13–15), 1369-1374.
McMurtrie, Robert J. 2015: Towards a Grammar of System Networks. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Archer, Arlene/ Breuer, Esther Odilia (eds.), Multimodality in Writing. The State of the Art in Theory, Methodology and Pedagogy. Leiden: Brill, 86-116.
Mead, Jay 1998: Measuring the Value Added by Technical Documentation: A Review of Research and Practice. In Technical Communication 45(3), 353-379.
Miller, Carolyn R. 1994: The cultural basis of genre. In Freedman, Aviva/ Medway, Peter (eds.), Genre and the New Rhetoric. London: Taylor and Francis, 67-78.
Morris, M.D. 2009: Professional Expression: To Organize, Write and Manage for Technical communication. New York: Momentum Press.
Mort, Pamela/ Drury, Helen/ Calvo, Rafael A./ Skinner, IIain/ McEwan, Alistair/ Levy, David/ Molina, Marco Garcia/ Mitrajit, Rudra 2012: An Online Writing Centre for Engineering Students. Proceedings of the Eighth CDIO Conference. Brisbane: Queensland University [online].
http://sydney.edu.au/engineering/latte/docs/12-CDIO-MortDruryCalvo.pdf (Accessed 11 July 2017).
Murrmann, Julia 2015: The idiolect of fitness professional Ewa Chodowska in the context of communication with a target group within the physical activity marketplace. In Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 7(4), 103-116.
Neumann, Astrid 2015: Professional Text Genres: Writing Standards in Vocational Education. Studies in Writing 32, 233-252.
Orlova, Irina/ Zeidmane, Anda 2011: Problems in Professional English Writing Skills Development for Students of Engineering Sciences. Engineering for Rural Development – Proceedings of the 10th International Scientific Conference. Jelgava: Latvian University of Agriculture, 520-523.
Pinker, Steven 2014: The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person’s Guide to Writing in the 21st Century. New York: Penguin.
Ramey, James 1995: What Technical Communicators Think About Measuring Value Added: Report on a Questionnaire. In Technical Communication 42(1), 40-51.
Redish, Janice 1995: Adding Value as a Professional Communicator. In Technical Communication 42(1), 26-39.
Redish, Janice 2010: Technical Communication and Usability: Intertwined Strands and Mutual Influences. Commentary. In IEEE Transactions on Communication 53(3), 191-201.
Ramírez-Echeverry, John Jairo/ Olarte Dussán, Fredy Andrés/ García-Carillo, Agueda 2016: Effects of an educational intervention on the technical writing competence of engineering students. In Ingeniería e Investigacíon 36(3), 39-49.
Roberts, Felicia/ Cimasko, Tony 2008: Evaluating ESL: Making sense of university professors’ responses to second language writing. In Journal of Second Language Writing 17, 125-143.
Rus, Dana 2015: Developing Technical Writing Skills to Engineering Students. In Procedia Technology 19, 1109-1114.
Sanders, Jennifer/Albers, Peggy 2010: Multimodal Literacies: An Introduction. In Albers, Peggy/ Sanders, Jennifer (eds.), Literacies, the Arts and Multimodality. Illinois: National Council of Teachers of English, 1-25.
Schneider, Klaus P. 2010: Sociopragmatic variation and culture-dependent schemata of linguistic behaviour. LAUD paper A748. Duisburg/Essen: University of Duisburg-Essen.
Schriver, Karen 1997: Dynamics in document design: Creating Texts for Readers. New York: Wiley Computer Publishing.
Schriver, Karen 2012: What we know about expertise in professional communication. In Berninger, Virginia W. (ed.), Past, present, and future contributions of cognitive writing research to cognitive psychology. New York: Psychology Press, 275-312.
Shanley, John Patrick 1986: Moonstruck: Shooting Script. Metro Goldwyn Meyers [online]. http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~ina22/splaylib/Screenplay-Moonstruck.pdf (Accessed 07 July 2017).
Simpson, Zachary 2016: Drawn Writing: The Role of Written Text in Civil Engineering Drawing. In Fidalgo, Ruth/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Archer, Arlene/ Breuer, Esther Odilia (eds.), Multimodality in Higher Education. Leiden: Brill, 241-255.
Sterling, Christopher M./ Farmer, Marion/ Riddick, Barbara/Morgan, Steven/ Matthews, Catherine 1997: Adult dyslexic writing. In Dyslexia 4, 1-15.
Swales, John 1990: Genre Analysis – English in Academic Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge Applied Linguistics.
Swales, John 2004: Research Genres: Exploration and Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swales, John Feak, Christine B. 1994: Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills: A Course for Nonnative Speakers of English. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Thielmann, Winfried 2009: Deutsche und englische Wissenschaftssprache im Vergleich: Hinführen – Verknüpfen– Benennen. Heidelberg: Synchronwissenschaftsverlag der Autoren.
Usher, Kim/ Woods, Cindy/ Casellac, Eva / Glass, Nel/ Wilson, Rhonda/ Mayner, Lidia/ Jackson, Debra/ Brown, Jane/ Duffy, Elaine/ Mather, Carey/ Cummings, Elizabeth/ Irwin, Pauletta 2014: Australian health profession students use of social media. In Collegian 21, 95-101.
Willerton, Russell 2015: Plain Language and Ethical Action. A Dialogic Approach of Technical Content in the 21st Century. New York: Routledge.
Arrington, Philip 1986: The Traditions of the Writing Process. In Composition Studies 14 (3), 2-10.
Bakhtin, Mikhail 1986 [1979]: The Problem of Speech Genres. In Emerson, Caryl/ Holquist, Michael (eds.), Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Austin: University of Texas Press, 60-102.
Bennett, Steve 2010: Introducing Cooking for Engineers [online]. https://stevebennett.me/2010/11/26/introducing-cooking-for-engineers/. (Accessed 15 May 2018).
Berkenkotter, Carol/ Huckin, Thomas N. 1995: Genre Knowledge in Disciplinary Communication: Cognition, Culture, Power. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Berninger, Virginia/ Nielsen, Kathleen/ Abbott, Robert/ Wijsman, Ellen/ Raskind, Wendy 2008: Writing Problems in Developmental Dyslexia: Under-Recognized and Under-Treated. In Journal of School Psychology 46, 1-21.
Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Ortoleva, Giulia/ Billet, Stephen 2015: Writing for Professional Development: An Introduction. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/Bétrancourt, Mireille/Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill, 1-11.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2002: A Generic View of Academic Discourse. In Flowerdew, John (ed.), Academic Discourse. Harlow: Pearson Education, 21-39.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2004: Worlds of Written Discourse: A Genre-Based View. London: Continuum International.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2010: Interdiscursivity in professional communication. In Discourse and Communication 21(1), 32-50.
Bhatia, Vijay Kumar 2017: Critical Genre Analysis: Investigating interdiscursive performance in professional practice. Oxford: Routledge.
Billet, Stephen 2015: Learning through Writing: Mimetic Processes in Action. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/ Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill, 12-31.
Boehm, Diane Christian 1993: Mozartians, Beethovians, and the Teaching of Writing. In The Quarterly 15(2), 15-18.
Breuer, Esther Odilia 2013: Idea Generation in L1 and FL Writing. In Archibald, Alasdair (ed.), Multilingual Theory and Practice in Applied Linguistics: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the British Association of Applied Linguistics. London: Scitsiugnil Press, 31-34.
Breuer, Esther Odilia 2016: Effects of Planning and Language on the Construction of Meaning. In Double Helix 4, 1-19 [online].
http://qudoublehelixjournal.org/index.php/dh/article/view/91/291. (Accessed 15 May 2018).
Breuer, Esther Odilia/ Newman, Siegried/ Newman, Julian 2015: Learning to Write as a Professional: Engineers and Physiotherapists in Britain and Germany. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/ Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill: 253-275.
Clyne, Michael 1987: Cultural Differences in the Organization of Academic Texts. In Journal of Pragmatics 11, 211-247.
Curry, Mary Jane/ Lillis, Theresa 2004: Multilingual Scholars and the Imperative to Publish in English: Negotiating Interests, Demands, and Rewards. In TESOL Quarterly 38(4), 663-688.
Fondiller, Shirley H./ Nerone, Barbara J. 2007: Health Professionals Style Manual. New York: Springer.
Freisleben-Teutscher, Christian F. 1996: Ärztebilder in den Medien. In Multimedia, 25-26.
Funk, Sandra G./ Tornquist, Elizabeth M. 2015: Writing Winning Proposals: For Nurses and Health Care Professionals. New York: Springer.
Galtung, Johan 1981: Structure, culture, and intellectual style: An essay comparing Saxonic, Teutonic, Gallic and Nipponic approaches. In Social Science Information 20(6), 817-856.
Hayes, John R. 1989: Writing Research: The Analysis of a Very Complex Task. In Klahr, David/ Kotovsky, Kevin (eds.), Complex Information Processing. The Impact of Herbert A. Simon. Hillsdale: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, 209-234.
Hayes, John R. 2012: Modelling and Remodelling Writing. In Written Communication 29(3), 369-388.
Henry, Jim 1998: Documenting Contributory Expertise: The Value Added by Technical Communicators in Collaborative Writing Situations. In Technical Communication 45(2), 207-220.
Hering, Heike 2015: Technische Berichte: Verständlich gliedern, gut gestalten, überzeugend vortragen. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien.
Hill, Sandra/ Griswold, Paula 2013: Potential for Collaborative Writing in Professional Communication and Health Studies through Service-Learning. In Business Communication Quarterly 76(1), 54-71.
Holden, Alexander C.L. 2017: Social media and professionalism: does the profession need to re-think the parameters of professionalism within social media. In Australian Dental Journal 62(1), 23-29.
Hyland, Ken 2004: Genre and Second Language Writing. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Juhl, Dietrich 2015: Technische Dokumentation: Praktische Anleitung und Beispiele. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Kennedy, Mary Lynch/ Smith, Hadley M. 2010: Reading and Writing in the Academic Community. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Kimble, Joseph 1997: Writing for Dollars, Writing to Please: The Case of Plain Language in Business, Government and Law. In The Scribes Journal of Legal Language 6, 1-38.
Kurunsaari, Merja/ Tynjälä, Päivi/ Pürainen, Arja 2015: Students’ Experiences of Reflective Writing as a Tool for Learning in Physiotherapy Education. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Ortoleva, Giulia/ Bétrancourt, Mireille/ Billett, Stephen (eds.), Studies in Writing: Writing for Professional Development. Leiden: Brill, 129-151.
Larson, Magali S. 1977: The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Leitjen, Mariëlle/ Van Waes, Luuk/ Schriver, Karen/ Hayes, John R. 2014: Writing in the workplace: Constructing documents using multiple digital sources. In Journal of Writing Research 5(3), 285-337.
Lim, Jae Young 2009: The Effect of Communication between Doctor and Patient on Patient’s Medical Care Use. In Applied Economics Letters 16(13–15), 1369-1374.
McMurtrie, Robert J. 2015: Towards a Grammar of System Networks. In Rijlaarsdam, Gert/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Archer, Arlene/ Breuer, Esther Odilia (eds.), Multimodality in Writing. The State of the Art in Theory, Methodology and Pedagogy. Leiden: Brill, 86-116.
Mead, Jay 1998: Measuring the Value Added by Technical Documentation: A Review of Research and Practice. In Technical Communication 45(3), 353-379.
Miller, Carolyn R. 1994: The cultural basis of genre. In Freedman, Aviva/ Medway, Peter (eds.), Genre and the New Rhetoric. London: Taylor and Francis, 67-78.
Morris, M.D. 2009: Professional Expression: To Organize, Write and Manage for Technical communication. New York: Momentum Press.
Mort, Pamela/ Drury, Helen/ Calvo, Rafael A./ Skinner, IIain/ McEwan, Alistair/ Levy, David/ Molina, Marco Garcia/ Mitrajit, Rudra 2012: An Online Writing Centre for Engineering Students. Proceedings of the Eighth CDIO Conference. Brisbane: Queensland University [online].
http://sydney.edu.au/engineering/latte/docs/12-CDIO-MortDruryCalvo.pdf (Accessed 11 July 2017).
Murrmann, Julia 2015: The idiolect of fitness professional Ewa Chodowska in the context of communication with a target group within the physical activity marketplace. In Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 7(4), 103-116.
Neumann, Astrid 2015: Professional Text Genres: Writing Standards in Vocational Education. Studies in Writing 32, 233-252.
Orlova, Irina/ Zeidmane, Anda 2011: Problems in Professional English Writing Skills Development for Students of Engineering Sciences. Engineering for Rural Development – Proceedings of the 10th International Scientific Conference. Jelgava: Latvian University of Agriculture, 520-523.
Pinker, Steven 2014: The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person’s Guide to Writing in the 21st Century. New York: Penguin.
Ramey, James 1995: What Technical Communicators Think About Measuring Value Added: Report on a Questionnaire. In Technical Communication 42(1), 40-51.
Redish, Janice 1995: Adding Value as a Professional Communicator. In Technical Communication 42(1), 26-39.
Redish, Janice 2010: Technical Communication and Usability: Intertwined Strands and Mutual Influences. Commentary. In IEEE Transactions on Communication 53(3), 191-201.
Ramírez-Echeverry, John Jairo/ Olarte Dussán, Fredy Andrés/ García-Carillo, Agueda 2016: Effects of an educational intervention on the technical writing competence of engineering students. In Ingeniería e Investigacíon 36(3), 39-49.
Roberts, Felicia/ Cimasko, Tony 2008: Evaluating ESL: Making sense of university professors’ responses to second language writing. In Journal of Second Language Writing 17, 125-143.
Rus, Dana 2015: Developing Technical Writing Skills to Engineering Students. In Procedia Technology 19, 1109-1114.
Sanders, Jennifer/Albers, Peggy 2010: Multimodal Literacies: An Introduction. In Albers, Peggy/ Sanders, Jennifer (eds.), Literacies, the Arts and Multimodality. Illinois: National Council of Teachers of English, 1-25.
Schneider, Klaus P. 2010: Sociopragmatic variation and culture-dependent schemata of linguistic behaviour. LAUD paper A748. Duisburg/Essen: University of Duisburg-Essen.
Schriver, Karen 1997: Dynamics in document design: Creating Texts for Readers. New York: Wiley Computer Publishing.
Schriver, Karen 2012: What we know about expertise in professional communication. In Berninger, Virginia W. (ed.), Past, present, and future contributions of cognitive writing research to cognitive psychology. New York: Psychology Press, 275-312.
Shanley, John Patrick 1986: Moonstruck: Shooting Script. Metro Goldwyn Meyers [online]. http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~ina22/splaylib/Screenplay-Moonstruck.pdf (Accessed 07 July 2017).
Simpson, Zachary 2016: Drawn Writing: The Role of Written Text in Civil Engineering Drawing. In Fidalgo, Ruth/ Olive, Thierry (series eds.), Archer, Arlene/ Breuer, Esther Odilia (eds.), Multimodality in Higher Education. Leiden: Brill, 241-255.
Sterling, Christopher M./ Farmer, Marion/ Riddick, Barbara/Morgan, Steven/ Matthews, Catherine 1997: Adult dyslexic writing. In Dyslexia 4, 1-15.
Swales, John 1990: Genre Analysis – English in Academic Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge Applied Linguistics.
Swales, John 2004: Research Genres: Exploration and Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swales, John Feak, Christine B. 1994: Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills: A Course for Nonnative Speakers of English. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Thielmann, Winfried 2009: Deutsche und englische Wissenschaftssprache im Vergleich: Hinführen – Verknüpfen– Benennen. Heidelberg: Synchronwissenschaftsverlag der Autoren.
Usher, Kim/ Woods, Cindy/ Casellac, Eva / Glass, Nel/ Wilson, Rhonda/ Mayner, Lidia/ Jackson, Debra/ Brown, Jane/ Duffy, Elaine/ Mather, Carey/ Cummings, Elizabeth/ Irwin, Pauletta 2014: Australian health profession students use of social media. In Collegian 21, 95-101.
Willerton, Russell 2015: Plain Language and Ethical Action. A Dialogic Approach of Technical Content in the 21st Century. New York: Routledge.
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Published
2019-10-31
How to Cite
Breuer, E., & Allsobrook, P. (2019). Teaching and Practising Interdiscursivity in the Professional Areas of Engineering and Health – A Qualitative Study. HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 59(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v59i1.116972
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