Drones and the Threshold for Waging War
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/politik.v20i1.27642Resumé
If drones make waging war easier, the reason why they do so may not be the one commonly assumed within the philosophical debate – namely, the promised reduction in casualties on either side – but a more complicated one. One that has little to do with the concern for one’s own soldiers or, for that matter, the enemy, but rather one that is embedded in the political intricacies of international relations and domestic politics. This article will utilize the example of the Obama Administration’s drone policies to illustrate this argument. This analysis is also meant to have a wider methodological significance; that philosophy can make an important contribution in analyzing drone warfare. However, philosophy will not help to simplify realities and provide easy solutions.
Referencer
Beauchamp, Z & Savulescu, J 2013, ‘Robot Guardians: Teleoperated Combat Vehicles in Humanitarian Military Intervention’, in B J Strawser (red.), Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Brunstetter, D & Braun, M 2011, ‘The Implications of Drones on the Just War Tradition’, Ethics & International Affairs, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 337-358.
Byman, D 2013, ‘Why Drones Work’. Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 32-43.
Coeckelbergh, M 2013, ‘Drones, Information Technology, and Distance: Mapping the Moral Epistemology of Remote Fighting’, Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 87-98.
Cronin, A K 2013, ‘Why Drones Fail’, Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 44-54.
Di Nucci, E 2014a, ‘I droni tra progresso ed etica’, AREL La Rivista, vol. L, pp. 108-115.
Di Nucci, E 2014b, Ethics Without Intention, London, Bloomsbury.
Di Nucci, E (forthcoming), ‘Sexual Rights, Disability and Sex Robots’, in J Danaher & N McArthur (eds.), Philosophy and Ethics of Sex Robots, MIT Press.
Di Nucci, E & Santoni de Sio, F 2014, ‘Who’s Afraid of Robots? Fear of Automation and the Ideal of Direct Control’, in F Battaglia & N Weidenfeld (red.), Roboethics in Film, Pisa University Press.
Di Nucci, E & Santoni de Sio, F 2016, Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Enemark, C 2013, Armed Drones and the Ethics of War: Military Virtue in a Post-Heroic Age, Routledge.
Enemark, C 2011, ‘Drones over Pakistan: Secrecy, Ethics, and Counterinsurgency’, Asian Security, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 218-237.
Fabre, C 2009, ‘Guns, Food, and Liability to Attack in War’, Ethics, vol. 120, pp. 36-63.
Floridi, L 2014, The Fourth Revolution. How the Infosphere is Reshaping Human Reality, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Franke, U E 2014, ‘Drones, Drone Strikes, and US Policy: The Politics of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Parameters, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 121-131.
Gregory, D 2011, ‘From a View to a Kill. Drones and Late Modern War, Theory, Culture & Society, vol. 28, no. 7-8, pp. 188-215.
Kirkpatrick, J 2016, ‘State Responsibility and Drone Operators’, in E Di Nucci & F Santoni de Sio (red.), Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Liu, H Y 2015, Law’s Impunity, Hart.
Paust, J J 2010, ‘Self-defense Targetings of Non-State Actors and Permissibility of US use of Drones in Pakistan’, Journal of Transnational Law & Policy, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 237.
Santoni de Sio, F & Di Nucci, E 2016, ’Drones and Responsibility: Mapping the Field’, in E Di Nucci & F Santoni de Sio (eds.), Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Singer, P W 2009, Wired for War, New York, Penguin Books.
Strawser, B J 2010, ‘Moral predators: The Duty to Employ Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles’, Journal of Military Ethics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 342-368.
Strawser, B J (red.) 2013, Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Wall, T, & Monahan, T 2011, ‘Surveillance and Violence from afar: The Politics of Drones and Liminal Security-Scapes’, Theoretical Criminology, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 239-254.
Williams, B G 2013, Predators: The CIA’s Drone War on al Qaeda, Potomac Books.
Brunstetter, D & Braun, M 2011, ‘The Implications of Drones on the Just War Tradition’, Ethics & International Affairs, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 337-358.
Byman, D 2013, ‘Why Drones Work’. Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 32-43.
Coeckelbergh, M 2013, ‘Drones, Information Technology, and Distance: Mapping the Moral Epistemology of Remote Fighting’, Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 87-98.
Cronin, A K 2013, ‘Why Drones Fail’, Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 44-54.
Di Nucci, E 2014a, ‘I droni tra progresso ed etica’, AREL La Rivista, vol. L, pp. 108-115.
Di Nucci, E 2014b, Ethics Without Intention, London, Bloomsbury.
Di Nucci, E (forthcoming), ‘Sexual Rights, Disability and Sex Robots’, in J Danaher & N McArthur (eds.), Philosophy and Ethics of Sex Robots, MIT Press.
Di Nucci, E & Santoni de Sio, F 2014, ‘Who’s Afraid of Robots? Fear of Automation and the Ideal of Direct Control’, in F Battaglia & N Weidenfeld (red.), Roboethics in Film, Pisa University Press.
Di Nucci, E & Santoni de Sio, F 2016, Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Enemark, C 2013, Armed Drones and the Ethics of War: Military Virtue in a Post-Heroic Age, Routledge.
Enemark, C 2011, ‘Drones over Pakistan: Secrecy, Ethics, and Counterinsurgency’, Asian Security, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 218-237.
Fabre, C 2009, ‘Guns, Food, and Liability to Attack in War’, Ethics, vol. 120, pp. 36-63.
Floridi, L 2014, The Fourth Revolution. How the Infosphere is Reshaping Human Reality, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Franke, U E 2014, ‘Drones, Drone Strikes, and US Policy: The Politics of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Parameters, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 121-131.
Gregory, D 2011, ‘From a View to a Kill. Drones and Late Modern War, Theory, Culture & Society, vol. 28, no. 7-8, pp. 188-215.
Kirkpatrick, J 2016, ‘State Responsibility and Drone Operators’, in E Di Nucci & F Santoni de Sio (red.), Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Liu, H Y 2015, Law’s Impunity, Hart.
Paust, J J 2010, ‘Self-defense Targetings of Non-State Actors and Permissibility of US use of Drones in Pakistan’, Journal of Transnational Law & Policy, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 237.
Santoni de Sio, F & Di Nucci, E 2016, ’Drones and Responsibility: Mapping the Field’, in E Di Nucci & F Santoni de Sio (eds.), Drones and Responsibility, New York and London, Routledge.
Singer, P W 2009, Wired for War, New York, Penguin Books.
Strawser, B J 2010, ‘Moral predators: The Duty to Employ Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles’, Journal of Military Ethics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 342-368.
Strawser, B J (red.) 2013, Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Wall, T, & Monahan, T 2011, ‘Surveillance and Violence from afar: The Politics of Drones and Liminal Security-Scapes’, Theoretical Criminology, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 239-254.
Williams, B G 2013, Predators: The CIA’s Drone War on al Qaeda, Potomac Books.
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2017-03-01
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Di Nucci, E. (2017). Drones and the Threshold for Waging War. Politik, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.7146/politik.v20i1.27642
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