‘Las masas revolucionadas de esperanza’ Esperanza como palabra clave cultural en el contexto político y social latinoamericano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/dl.v32i.137170Keywords:
esperanza, América Latina, palabra clave cultural, TwitterAbstract
The terms esperanza (Spanish) and esperança (Portuguese) (‘hope’) are frequently used in the political and social discourse of Latin America. In this vast region, plagued by recurring political and economic crises, among other challenges, the feeling of hope is present in the media, social networks, the speech of politicians and other public figures, as well as in the urban landscape. It represents the spirit of people who are not willing to give up a better future. For this reason, we propose that the terms esperanza/esperança can be considered cultural keywords in Latin America.
In Fernández y Mattos (2022) we carried out a corpus study of the use of esperanza/esperança based on Twitter data from two Latin American countries, Argentina and Brazil. Our results confirmed our hypothesis about the centrality of the feeling of hope in the studied area. In this article, we complete our analysis with data from Mexico, Venezuela and, to a lesser extent, Peru, to find out whether the findings from Argentina and Brazil also apply to these other Latin American countries and possibly to the whole area.
References
Aragón, K. 2017. “Visuality, identity and emotion: Rosa mexicano as a Mexican Spanish keyword.” En Cultural Keywords in Discourse, editado por C. Levisen y S. Waters, 131-156. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Farrell, P. 2006. “Portuguese saudade and other emotions of absence and longing.” En Semantic primes and universal grammar: Empirical evidence from the Romance languages, editado por B. Peeters, 235-258. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Fernández, S. S. 2020. “Una introducción a la teoría de la Metalengua Semántica Natural (NSM) y su aplicación a la pragmática.” Pragmática Sociocultural 7(3): 397-420.
Fernández, S. S. 2021. “The Conceptual Semantics of ‘Latin America’. Popular Geopolitics and Spanish Language Teaching in Denmark.” Journal of Postcolonial linguistics 5: 31-54.
Fernández, S. S., y Mattos, A. P. B. 2022. “’A Gale of Hope for Latin America’: The Concept of Esperanza/Esperança as a Cultural Keyword.” Scandinavian Studies in Language 13 (1): 176–201.
Goddard, C. 2004. “’Cultural Scripts’: A New Medium for Ethnopragmatic Instruction.” En Cognitive Linguistics, Second Language Acquisition, and Foreign Language Teaching, editado por M. Achard y S. Niemeier, 143₋163. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Goddard, C. 2006. “Ethnopragmatics: A new paradigm.” En Ethnopragmatics: Understanding discourse in cultural context, editado por C. Goddard, 1₋29. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Goddard, C. 2018. Ten Lectures on Natural Semantic Metalanguage: Exploring language, thought and culture using simple, translatable words. Leiden: Brill.
Goddard, C. y Wierzbicka, A. 2007. “Semantic primes and cultural scripts in language learning and intercultural communication.” En Applied Cultural Linguistics: Implications for second language learning and intercultural communication, editado por G. Palmer y F. Sharifian, 105-124. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Hein J. 2020. “Cultural Keywords in Porteño Spanish: Viveza Criolla, Vivo and Boludo.” En Studies in Ethnopragmatics, Cultural Semantics, and Intercultural Communication, editado por B. Peeters, K. Mullan, L. Sadow, 35-56. Singapore: Springer, <https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9975-7_3>.
Hein, J. 2022. “What is Porteño Spanish Lunfardo?: A Comprehensive Insider’s Semantic Model.” Scandinavian Studies in Language 13 (1): 144–175.
Lakoff, G. y Johnson, M. 1980. Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Levisen, C. y Waters, S. 2017. “How words do things with people.” En Cultural Keywords in Discourse, editado por C. Levisen y S. Waters, 1-24. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Mattos, A. P. B. 2017. “Subúrbio and suburbanos: Two cultural keywords in Brazilian discourse.” En Cultural Keywords in Discourse, editado por C. Levisen y S. Waters, 157-182. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Occhi, D. 2019. “Cultural variations in language and emotion.” En The Routledge Handbook of Language and Emotion, editado por S. E. Pritzker, J. Fenigsen y J. M. Wilce. London: Routledge.
Rouquié, A. 1989. América Latina. Introducción al Extremo Occidente. Ciudad de México: Editorial Siglo XXI.
Travis, C. 2006. “The communicative realization of confianza and calor humano in Colombian Spanish.” En Ethnopragmatics, editado por C. Goddard, 199₋230. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Wierzbicka, A. 1972. Semantic primes. Frankfurt/M.: Athenäum-Verl.
Wierzbicka, A. 1992. “Defining emotion concepts.” Cognitive Science 16: 539-581.
Wierzbicka, A. 1997. Understanding Cultures through their Key Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wierzbicka, A. 1999. Emotions across Languages and Cultures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wierzbicka, A. 2021. “Cross-linguistic and cross-cultural misunderstandings around the concept of ‘hell’: ‘Hope’ as an alternative to ‘hell’, ‘universalism’ and ‘conditional immortality’.” Versión pre-publicada de una contribución para Essays in Cultural Linguistics (Farzad Sharifian Memorial Volume). New York: Springer.
Ye, Z. 2019. “The semantics of emotion: From theory to empirical analysis.” In The Routledge Handbook of Language and Emotion, editado por S. E. Pritzker, J. Fenigsen y J. M. Wilce. London: Routledge.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Counting from volume 31 (2022), articles published in Diálogos Latinoamericanos are licensed under CC-BY 4.0. Read more about the license terms here https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
No Creative Commons license applied on volumes 1-30. All rights reserved by the authors. Readers may download, read, and link to the articles, but they cannot republish the articles.
With the publication of volume 31 (2022), authors retain the full copyright to their articles and give Diálogos Latinoamericanos the right to the first publication. Authors also retain copyright to earlier versions of manuscripts, such as the submitted (pre-print) and the accepted manuscript (post-print).
Copyright to articles published in volumes 1-30 is held by the authors.
