Reconfigurations of illness and masculinity on Instagram
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/mk.v39i74.133885Keywords:
instagram, illness, masculinity, bodywork, affect, vitalityAbstract
In this paper, we explore how men’s experiences of living with illness are mediatized on Instagram, thus understanding social media platforms as “sociotechnical affordances” that support and modulate how everyday lives are lived (Paasonen, 2018). The article zooms in on four Danish Instagram profiles (with approximately 2,000 followers each) that centre on experiences of living with different diagnoses, including morbus chrohn, hip dysplasia, chronic pain, and mental illness. By applying the concepts “biological entrepreneurship” (Stage, 2017), “bodywork”, and “spornosexuality” (Hakim, 2019), we examine how masculinity becomes reconfigured as a resource, rather than an opposition to health. The content on Instagram emerges as entrepreneurial by extending the body: Situated within the larger framework of the profiles’ content and their place in the platform economy of attention, illness is transformed into a narrative and an affective source, whether on the politics of gender, visibility of illness, monetary gain, or self-help.
References
Ahmed, S. (2004). Cultural politics of emotion. Edinburgh University Press
Baik, S. H., Klonoff, E., Barnes, L. E., Schiaffino, M. K., & Wells, K. J. (2019). Mapping the online social net-work of cancer bloggers. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(11), 2062–2068. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319888269
Banet-Weiser, S. (2012). Authentic™. New York University Press.Berard, A. A., & Smith, A. P. (2019). Post your journey: Instagram as a support community for people with fibromyalgia. Qualitative Health Research, 29(2), 237–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318789102
Bordo, S. (2000), The male body: A new look at men in public and in private. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Braidotti, R. (2000). Teratologies. In I. Buchanan, & C. Colebrook (Eds.), Deleuze and feminist theory (pp. 156–172). EUP.Campana, J. (2015). Distribution, assemblage, capacity: New keywords for masculinity? European Review of History, 22(4), 691–697. https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2015.1028337
Christensen, L. V. [@_fartilfire]. (2019, June 1). ”Ingen ved en skid om mit liv og hvilken sygdom jeg har og hvad vi går igennem, læger siger, at jeg aldrig får det bedre... [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CPkQxTCrd0q/
Christensen, L. V. [@_fartilfire]. (2020, June 6). ”Go morgen i kære mennesker. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CBFTE4Rnkkp/
Christensen, L. V. [@_fartilfire]. (2021, March 16). ”Som i nok allerede har fundet ud af, så er jeg ik bange for at springe ud i nået nyt, og slet ik bange for hvad folk nu vil tænke om mig. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CMeQundHMh3/ Christensen, L. V. [@_fartilfire].(n.d.) [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved August 11, 2021, fromhttps://www.instagram.com/_fartilfire/
Connell, R. W., & Huggins, A. K. (1998). Men’s health. Medical Journal of Australia, 169(6), 295–296. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140277.x
Conrad, P. (2007). The medicalization of society: On the transformation of human conditions into treatable disorders. JHU Press.
Courtenay, W. (2011). Dying to be men: Psychosocial, environmental, and biobehavioral directions in pro-moting the health of men and boys (Vol. 10). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203853245
Eagle, R. B. (2019). “Have you tried ginger?”: Severe pregnancy sickness and intensive mothering on Insta-gram. Feminist Media Studies, 19(5), 767–769. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2019.1630926
Eriksen, C., & Hvidtfeldt, K. (2021).mVital Masculinity: Assemblages of debility and capacity in the Danish lifestyle TV show Real Men. NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 29(1), 50–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2020.1807603
Fox, N. (2011). The ill-health assemblage: Beyond the body-with-organs. Health Sociology Review, 20(4) , 359–371. https://doi.org/10.5172/hesr.2011.20.4.359
Groenevelt, I. (2022). “It’s not all nice and fun”: Narrating contested illness on YouTube and Instagram. Health, 26(5), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/13634593211017187
Gurrieri, L., & Drenten, J. (2019). Visual storytelling and vulnerable health care consumers: Normalising practices and social support through Instagram. The Journal of Services Marketing, 33(6), 702–720. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-09-2018-0262
Hakim, J. (2019). Work that body: Male bodies in digital culture. Rowman & Littlefield International. Hickey-Moody, A. (2019). Deleuze and masculinity. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01749-1
Hvidtfeldt, K., Petersen M. N., Møller, K., & Eriksen, C. (2021).Medicalised Masculinities – Somatechnical interventions. Somatechnics, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3366/soma.2021.0336
Hvidtfeldt, K., & Hansen, P. K. (2021). Tag det som en mand: Metaforik og maskulinitet i autopatografier om kræft. K & K, 49(131), 105–130. https://doi.org/10.7146/kok.v49i131.127487
Kim, B., & Gillham, D. (2015). Gender differences among young adult cancer patients: A study of blogs. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 33(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000118
King, T. L., & Elliott, K. (2021). Why gender equality is good for men’s health and why this matters now. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 60(6), 873–876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2021.01.007
Kristensen, M. S. [@mathiassoebyk]. (2020a, October 14). ”Er jeg den eneste der savner varme sommeraft-ener? [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/mathiassoebyk/
Kristensen, M. S. [@mathiassoebyk]. (2020b, Sepember 3). ”Sådan her kan det ogsa se ud... [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CErBBQwF7Od/ Kristensen, M. S. [@mathiassoebyk]. (2021, February 12). ”Aldrig tilbage! [TikTok-repost]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CLMg6lGHh8o/
Kristensen, M. S. [@mathiassoebyk]. (n.d.) [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved June 30, 2021, from https://www.instagram.com/mathiassoebyk/ Laestadius, L. (2016). Instagram. In L. Sloan, & A. Quan-Haase (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of social media research methods (pp. 573–592). SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473983847.n34
Lykke, N. (2019). Making live and letting die: Cancerous bodies between Anthropocene necropolitics and Chthulucene kinship. Environmental Humanities, 11(1), 108–136. https://doi.org/10.1215/22011919-7349444
Marwick, A. E. (2015). Instafame: Luxury selfies in the attention economy. Public Culture, 27(175) , 137–16 0 . https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379
Nissen, N. (2017). Men’s everyday health care: Practices, tensions and paradoxes, and masculinities in Den-mark. Medical Anthropology, 36(6), 551–565. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2017.1316981
Paasonen, S. (2018a). Infrastructures of intimacy. In R. Andreassen, M. Nebeling Petersen, K. Harrison & Tobias Raun (Eds.), Mediated intimacies (pp. 103–116). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315208589-10
Paasonen, S. (2018b). Networked affect. In R. Braidotti, & M. Hlavajova (Eds.), Posthuman glossary (pp. 283–285). Bloomsbury.Page, R. E. (2012). Stories and social media: Identities and interaction (Vol. 3). Routledge.
Puar, J. K. (2017). The right to maim: Debility, capacity, disability. Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822372530 Rainie, L., & Wellman, B. (2012). Networked: The new social operating system. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8358.001.0001
Robinson, S. (2000). Marked men: White masculinity in crisis. Columbia University Press. https://doi.org/10.7312/robi11292 Rosenfeld, D., & Faircloth, C. A. (2006). Medicalized masculinities. Temple University Press.
Rozmarin, M. (2021). Navigating the intimate unknown: Vulnerability as an affective relation. NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 29(3), 9 0 –202. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2021.1899284
Sendra, A., & Farré, J. (2020). Communicating the experience of chronic pain through social media: Patients’ narrative practices on Instagram. Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 13(1), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068 .2020.1752982
Shildrick, M. (2015). “Why should our bodies end at the skin?”: Embodiment, boundaries, and somatech-nics. Hypatia, 30(1), 13–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12114
Stage, C. (2017). Networked cancer: Affect, narrative and measurement. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51418-5
Stage, C. (2019). Affective measures: Self-measurement and gridding in female cancer patients’ storytelling practices on Instagram. Distinktion: Journal of Social Theory, 20 (1) , 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1600910X.2019.1580594
Stage, C., Hvidtfeldt K., & Klastrup, L. (2020). Vital media: The affective and temporal dynamics of young cancer patients’ social media practices. Social Media + Society, 6(2), 2056305120924760. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120924760
Statista. (2021). Instagram – Statistics & facts. https://www.statista.com/topics/1882/instagram/
Stomisten [@stomisten]. (2019a, January 20). ”20/12-2013 startede mit nye liv med stomi. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/Bs3OxCNAlMl/
Stomisten [@stomisten]. (2019b, October 6). ”Glædelig international stomidag til alle IBD ramte og stomi-ster i mit netværk. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/B3SMaATg1Ot/
Stomisten [@stomisten]. (2020a, July 7). ”Ulækker vs. Lækker med stomi...? [Photograph]. Instagram.https://www.instagram.com/p/CCeK3PZjBYt/
Stomisten [@stomisten]. (2021, August 11) Bio [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved August 11, 2023, from https://www.instagram.com/stomisten/Stomisten [@stomisten]. (2020b, May 25). ”Vejen til et lykkeligt liv med stomi! [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CAny-JTJJYy/
Stomisten [@stomisten]. (n.d.) Screenshot [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved February 10, 2023, from https://www.instagram.com/stomisten/
Thomsen, M. S. [@morten_hipdysplasia_ironman]. (2019, August 15). “Three days until these hips will be in action for the Copenhagen Ironman. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/B1MLfONhdTQ/
Thomsen, M. S. [@morten_hipdysplasia_ironman]. (2020a, October 22). “Så går den ikke længere! Tilmel-dingen til min første Ironman er en realitet. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/BpOz5h5Dsgh/
Thomsen, M. S. [@morten_hipdysplasia_ironman]. (2020b, October 23). “A little more than 4 years ago my life changed. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/BpRyM1VC3ja/
Thomsen, M. S. [@morten_hipdysplasia_ironman]. (2021a, January 26). “The feeling after about 60 minutes of threshold intervals with @golngr.tri this Sunday. [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CKg5oYShpKX/
Thomsen, M. S. [@morten_hipdysplasia_ironman]. (2021b, August 11) Bio [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from https://www.instagram.com/mathiassoebyk/
Tiidenberg, K. (2020). ‘Instagrammable’ as a metaphor for looking and showing in visual social media. In A. Markham, & K. Tiidenberg (Eds.), Metaphors of internet: Ways of being in the age of ubiquity (pp. 67−77). Peter Lang. https://doi.org/10.3726/b16196
Tiggemann, M., & Anderberg, I. (2020). Muscles and bare chests on Instagram: The effect of Influencers’ fashion and fitspiration images on men’s body image. Body Image, 35, 237–24 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.10.001
Utter, K., Waineo, E., Bell, C. M., Quaal, H. L., & Levine, D. L. (2020). Instagram as a window to societal per-spective on mental health, gender, and race: An observational pilot study. JMIR Mental Health, 7(10), e19171-e19171. https://doi.org/10.2196/19171
Van Dijck, J. (2013). The culture of connectivity: A critical history of social media. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199970773.001.0001
Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889760.001.0001
Waitt, G., & Stanes, E. (2015). Sweating bodies: Men, masculinities, affect, emotion. Geoforum,59, 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.12.001
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 author and journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Author and Journal.
Articles published after January 1 2024 are licensed under CCBY 4.0.
Articles published until December 31 2023 are licensed under CCBYNCND.
Articles submitted to MedieKultur should not be submitted to or published in other journals.