On the (Im)possibility of Basing Oblivious Transfer and Bit Commitment on Weakened Security Assumptions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/brics.v5i37.19442Resumé
We consider the problem of basing Oblivious Transfer (OT)and Bit Commitment (BC), with information theoretic security, on seemingly weaker primitives.We introduce a general model for describing such primitives, called Weak Generic Transfer (WGT). This model includes as important special cases Weak Oblivious Transfer (WOT), where both
the sender and receiver may learn too much about the other party's input, and a new, more realistic model of noisy channels, called unfair noisy channels. An unfair noisy channel has a known range of possible noise levels; protocols must work for any level within this range against adversaries who know the actual noise level. We give a precise characterization for when one can base OT on WOT. When the deviation of the WOT from the ideal is above a certain threshold, we show that no information-theoretic reductions from OT (even against passive adversaries) and BC exist; when the deviation is below this threshold, we give a reduction from OT (and hence BC) that is information-theoretically secure against active adversaries.
For unfair noisy channels we show a similar threshold phenomenon for bit commitment. If the upper bound on the noise is above a threshold (given as function of the lower bound) then no information-theoretic reduction from OT (even against passive adversaries) or BC exist; when it is below this threshold we give a reduction from BC. As a partial result, we give
a reduction from OT to UNC for smaller noise intervals.
Downloads
Publiceret
1998-06-07
Citation/Eksport
Damgård, I. B., Kilian, J., & Salvail, L. (1998). On the (Im)possibility of Basing Oblivious Transfer and Bit Commitment on Weakened Security Assumptions. BRICS Report Series, 5(37). https://doi.org/10.7146/brics.v5i37.19442
Nummer
Sektion
Artikler
Licens
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).