KVANT

This issue of KVANT presents a broad collection of articles illustrating the methodological breadth and societal relevance of modern physics. The contributions range from fundamental experimental results in particle physics to applications of advanced measurement and analysis techniques in energy research, climate physics, materials science, and cultural heritage studies. Several articles address key topics in contemporary physics, including the first observation of CP violation in baryon decays at the LHCb experiment and a physics-based description of the Earth’s climate system, with emphasis on carbon cycles and energy balance.

The issue also includes an analysis of green hydrogen as an energy carrier in the transition to sustainable energy systems, discussing electrolysis technologies, efficiencies, and system-level considerations from a physical perspective. Interdisciplinary approaches are highlighted through the use of multispectral imaging and microscopic analytical methods in art analysis and conservation. Historical and metrological perspectives are provided in articles on Isaac Newton’s natural philosophy and on the development of the metre as a fundamental unit of measurement.

Taken together, the issue demonstrates how physical theories, experiments, and measurement techniques link fundamental research, technological development, education, and cultural understanding, and is aimed at readers with an academic background in physics or related natural sciences.