Re-writing the Sustainable Development Goals from marketplaces in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/dl.v20i28.115197Keywords:
Sustainable Development Goals, informality, marketplaces, Chile, Mexico, Argentina, ColombiaAbstract
The aim of this paper is to reflect on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and informality which is an economy not acknowledged within the SDGs. Based on anthropological fieldwork the article analyzes how informal, diverse economies in this case, marketplaces in different Latin American countries, might contribute to elaborate and rewrite sustainable development models. Throughout history, marketplaces in Latin America have provoked strong political debates because they operate in the informal sector and now they are increasingly being framed as tourist attractions. This creates an opportunity to reposition marketplaces as an asset in the formal economy. The informal, diverse economies constitute more than half of the GDPs in the Global South including Latin America. Despite repeated claims about the importance of informality as one of the fastest growing phenomena of our time and increasingly an issue of public and political concern, no systematic studies within tourism engages with the SDGs dealing with informality. Consequently, central to this paper is to consider integrating existing practices into SDGs to create pathways for sustainable development models.
References
Ashley, Caroline. 2002. “Methodology for pro-poor tourism case studies.” PPT Working Paper No. 10. Overseas Development Institute, December. <https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/methodology-for-pro-poor-tourism-case-studies>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Baum, Tom. 2018. “Sustainabel human resource management as a driver in tourism policy and planning a serious sin of omission.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 26 (6): 873-889.
Bhimji, Fazila. 2010. “Struggles, urban citizenship, and belonging: the experience of undocumented street vendors food truck owners in Los Angeles.” Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development 39 (4): 455-492.
Biggs, Duan; Hall, Michael; Stoeckl, Natalie. 2012. “The resilience of formal and informal tourism enterprises to disasters: reef tourism in Phuket, Thailand.” Journal of Sutainable Tourism 20 (5): 645-665.
Brolan, Claire E. 2016. “A word of caution: human rights, disability, and implementation of the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals.” Laws 5 (22): 1-18.
Cámara Argentina de Comercio. 2015. “Informe de venta ilegal Callejera y Piratería en la Ciudad de Buenos Aíres.” Departamento de Economía, March. <http://www.cac.com.ar/documentos/22_VI_Ab15.pdf>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Chen, Martha A.; Jhabvala, Renana; Lund, Frances. 2002. “Supporting workers in the informal economy: a policy framework.” Working paper on the informal economy 2002/2. International Labour Organisation, Employment Sector, 15 January. <https://www.ilo.org/employment/Whatwedo/Publications/WCMS_122055/lang--en/index.htm>. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
Clausen, Helene Balslev; Velázquez García, Mario. 2018. “The tourism model in post-Castro Cuba: tensions between ideology and economic realities.” Jounal of Tourism Planning and Development 15 (5): 551-566.
Clausen, Helene Balslev; Velázquez García, Mario. 2017. “Collaborative economy in tourism in Latin America: the case of Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Mexico. In Collaborative economy and tourism: perspectives, politics, policies and prospects, edited by Dianne Dredge and Szilvia Gyimóthy, 271-284. Cham: Springer.
Crick, Malcolm. 1992. “Life in the informal sector: street guides in Kandy, Sri Lanka.” In Tourism in the less developed countries, edited by David Harrison, 135-147. London: Belhaven.
Devicienti, Francesco; Groisman, Fernando; Poggi, Ambra. 2009. “Informality and poverty: are these processes dynamically interrelated? Evidence from Argentina.” Working Papers 146, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, December. <http://www.ecineq.org/milano/WP/ECINEQ2009-146.pdf>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
El País Colombia. 2014. “Piratería en Colombia dejó pérdidas por $1,3 billones en 2013.” El País Colombia, 14 June 2014. <https://www.elpais.com.co/economia/pirateria-en-colombia-dejo-perdidas-por-1-3-billones-en-2013.html>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Escobar, Arturo (2015) “Degrowth, postdevelopment, and transitions: a preliminary conversation” Sustainability Science 10: 451-462.
Fioramonti, Lorenzo. 2013. Gross Domestic Problem: the politics behind the world’s most powerful number. New York: Zed Books.
Hall, C. Michael. 2007. “Pro-poor tourism: Do ‘tourism exchanges benefit primarily the countries of the south’?” Current Issues in Tourism 10 (2-3): 111-118.
Harrison, David. 2008. “Pro-poor tourism: a critique.” Third World Quarterly, 29 (5): 851-868.
Hart, Keith. 1973. “Informal income opportunities and urban employment in Ghana.” Journal of Modern African Studies 11 (1): 61-89.
Henderson, Joan C.; Smith, Russell A. 2009. “The informal tourism economy at beach resorts: a comparison of Cha-Am and Laguna Phuket in Thailand.” Tourism Recreation Research 34 (1): 13-22.
Horn, Philipp; Grugel, Jean. 2018. “The SDGs in middle-income countries: setting or serving the domestic development agendas? Evidence from Ecuador.” World Development 109:73-84.
International Labour Organization. 2019. “World Employment Social Outlook: trends 2019.” International Labour Office, 13 February. <https://www.ilo.org/global/research/global-reports/weso/2019/WCMS_670542/lang--en/index.htm>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Jamal, Tazim; Hales, Rob. 2016. “Performative justice: new directions in environmental and social justice.” Geoforum 76: 176-180.
Jimu, Ignasio M. 2004. “An exploration of street vending’s contribution towards Botswana’s vision of prosperity for all.” Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies 18 (1): 19-30.
La Nación. 2014. “La venta ilegal callejera y la piratería registraron un récord en Buenos Aires.” La Nación, 8 December 2014. <https://www.lanacion.com.ar/buenos-aires/la-venta-ilegal-callejera-y-la-pirateria-registraron-un-record-en-buenos-aires-nid1750560>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
León, Omar de. 1996. Economía informal y desarrollo: teorías y análisis del caso peruano. Madrid: Instituto Universitario de Desarrollo y Cooperación.
Liu, A; Wall, G. 2006. “Planning tourism employment: A developing country perspective” Tourism Management 27:159-170
Meyer, Dorothea. 2009. “Pro-poor tourism: Is there actually much rhetoric? And, if so, whose?” Tourism Recreation Research 34 (2): 197-199.
Meyer, Dorothea. 2007. “Pro-poor tourism: from leakages to linkages: a conceptual framework for creating linkages between the accommodation sector and ‘poor’ neighbouring communities.” Current Issues in Tourism 10 (6): 558-583.
Najar, Alberto. 2001. “Retrato de un barrio agónico: Tepito por dentro.” La Jornada, 5 August <http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2001/08/05/mas-tepito.html>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Nazier, Hanan; Ramadan, Racha. 2014. “Informality and poverty: a causality dilemma with application to Egypt.” Working Paper 895 The Economic Research Forum, December. <http://erf.org.eg/publications/informality-and-poverty-a-causality-dilemma-with-application-to-egypt/>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Observatorio Laboral LaboUR. 2018. “Perfil actual de la informalidad laboral en colombia: estructura y retos.” Informe 6. Observatorio Laboral de la Universidad de Rosario, 15 May 2018. <https://www.labourosario.com/single-post/2018/05/25/Informe-Perfil-actual-de-la-Informalidad-en-Colombia-Estructura-y-retos>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Olavarrieta, Sergio; Manzur, Enrique; Hidalgo, Pedro; Farías, Pablo. 2008. “Un análisis a los atributos relevantes de los mercados de las pulgas para los compradores: evidencia desde América Latina.” Revista de Ciencias Sociales 14 (3): 468-478.
Peregil, Francisco. 2015. “La Salada, el gran mercado negro de Latinoamérica.” El País, 14 March. <https://elpais.com/internacional/2015/03/13/actualidad/1426276499_218087.html>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Polese, Abel; Morris, Jeremy. 2015. “Introduction. My name is legion: the resilience and endurance of informality beyond, or in spite of, the state.” In Informal economies in post-socialist spaces: practices, institutions and networks, edited by Jeremy Morris and Abel Polese, 1-21. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Portes, Alejandro; Schauffler, Richard. 1993. “Competing perspectives on the Latin American informal sector.” Population and Development Review 19 (1): 33-60.
Posada García, Miriam. 2007. “México, cuarto lugar mundial en la venta de piratería y contrabando”. La Jornada, 4 July 2007. <http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2007/07/04/index.php?section=economia&article=027n1eco>. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
Schneider, Friedrich. 2011. Handbook on the shadow economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Scolum, Susan L.; Backman, Kenneth F.; Robinson Kenneth L. (2011) “Tourism pathways to prosperity: perospectives on the informal economy in Tanzania.” Tourism Analysis 16 (1): 43-55.
Sharpley, Richard. 2009. Tourism development and the environment: beyond sustainability? New York: Earthscan.
Sharpley, Richard. 2000. “Tourism and sustainble development: exploring the theoretical divide.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 8 (1): 1-19.
Simoni, Valeria. 2018. “Business, hospitality, and change in Cuba’s private tourism sector: a view from casas particulares in Viñales.” Journal of Tourism Planning and Development 15 (3): 293-312.
Song, Lily K. 2016. “Planning with urban informality: a case for inclusion, co-production and reiteration.” International Development Planning Review 38 (4): 359-381.
Truong, V. Dao. 2018. “Tourism, poverty alleviation, and the informal economy: the street vendors of Hanoi, Vietnam.” Tourism Recreation Research 43 (1): 52-67.
Trupp, Alexander. 2015. “Agency, social capital, and mixed embedded- ness among Akha ethnic minority street vendors in Thailand’s tourist areas.” Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 30 (3): 780-818.
UN (United Nations). 2019. “Sustainable Development Goals Knowledge Platform.” United Nations. <https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/>. Accessed 18 December 2019.
World Bank. 2016. World Development Report 2016: digital dividends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Vargas, Ana Maria. 2016. “Outside the law: an ethnographic study of street vendors in Bogota” (Doctoral dissertation) – Lund University, Sweden.
World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Counting from volume 31 (2022), articles published in Diálogos Latinoamericanos are licensed under CC-BY 4.0. Read more about the license terms here https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
No Creative Commons license applied on volumes 1-30. All rights reserved by the authors. Readers may download, read, and link to the articles, but they cannot republish the articles.
With the publication of volume 31 (2022), authors retain the full copyright to their articles and give Diálogos Latinoamericanos the right to the first publication. Authors also retain copyright to earlier versions of manuscripts, such as the submitted (pre-print) and the accepted manuscript (post-print).
Copyright to articles published in volumes 1-30 is held by the authors.