Dispersion dynamics of breeding Mute Swans Cygnus olor in Northwest Germany
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Since 1943 the Mute Swan has spread over large areas in Northwest Germany, most rapidly from about 1964 to around 1972. However, local numbers of breeding birds remain small, and habitats which appear suitable are often vacant. The mechanism for the regulation of abundance and dispersion is obviously through the annual recruitment rate in relation to the stability of established occurrences. As the annual recruitment per unit area is a Poisson variate and the fate of established breeders follows the binomial distribution, spatial allocation of nesting Mute Swans may reasonably be considered as a random process.
Article Details
Articles in Wildfowl volumes 1-74 and in Wildfowl Special Issues 1-7 are not licensed under Creative Commons. In these volumes, all rights are reserved to the authors of the articles respectively.
The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (which published the journal from 1948–2020 inclusive) retains a royalty-free license in perpetuity to access and use pre-2021 issues for the purposes of research, which may involve sharing with research partners from time to time.
The copyright for this paper belongs to the Author(s). Papers published in Wildfowl 75 (in 2025) and subsequent issues are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
In the articles published in these volumes, all rights are reserved to the authors of the articles respectively. This implies that readers can download, read, and link to the articles, but they cannot republish the articles. Authors can upload their articles into an institutional repository.