Forskning i musikterapi
- familier med børn med særlige behov og udsatte familier
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/tdm.v10i1.158494Nøgleord:
musikterapi, familier, effekt-forskning, RCT-studier, assessment, samspilResumé
Musikterapi med familier viser sig på baggrund af evidensbaseret forskning at have en signifikant effekt. Randomiserede kontrollerede studier påviser, at børns evne til social leg samt forældres engagement i barnet forbedres gennem musikterapien. Forældre-barn interaktionen forbedres gennem musikterapien i form af forbedret nonverbal kommunikation, gensidig afstemthed, mindre forældrestress og større evne til at aflæse barnet. En RCT-undersøgelse af familier med børn med autisme viser endvidere, at familiens sociale interaktion samt forælder-barn tilknytningen forbedres som følge af musikterapi. Familier med forskellige typer af problematikker kan bruge musikterapien til at blive bedre til at kommunikere sammen. Musikalsk samspil mellem familiemedlemmer faciliterer social interaktion og afhængig af behovet, kan fokus være på optræning af sociale kompetencer i form af eksempelvis gensidig tur-samspil. Følelsesmæssigt kan forældre og barn udnytte musikkens nonverbale kontakt til at gentage eller genopbygge den tidlige form for kontakt og kommunikation. I de tidlige samspilsformer ser, anerkender og afstemmer forældre sig nonverbalt efter spædbarnets udtryk og følelsesmæssige tilstand, hvilket kan genoptages senere gennem musikalsk samspil. Udover behandling kan musikterapi bidrage til den tværfaglige udredning af familiens interaktion og samspilsmønstre specielt for udsatte familier.
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