Forskning i musikterapi
- retspsykiatri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/tdm.v12i1.158439Nøgleord:
musikterapi, effekt-undersøgelser, Cochrane reviews, RCT-studier, kohorte-studier, reviewResumé
Et stigende antal undersøgelser peger på en positiv effekt af musikterapi på stemning, tanker og indsigt, sociale kompetencer og udvikling af mestringsstrategier samt regulering af arousal og følelser hos retspsykiatriske patienter. Dog mangler der på nuværende tidpunkt tilstrækkeligt med kontrollerede studier til at kunne fastslå en signifikant effekt. Hos personer med en skizofrenidiagnose er det forskningsmæssigt dokumenteret, at musikterapi har en effekt på patientens negative symptomer og til dels andre symptomer. Denne forskning er af stor betydning for retspsykiatrien, hvor en betydelig del af patienterne har en diagnose indenfor det skizofrene spektrum. Inden for retspsykiatrien behandles patientens psykiatriske problematik, og i de senere år er der ligeledes sat fokus på at behandle patientens kriminelle og antisociale adfærd, hvilket også afspejles i musikterapiforskningen. Musikterapi tilbyder de retspsykiatriske patienter en mulighed for at udtrykke, afprøve, rumme og bearbejde følelser samt regulere arousal. Patienterne får mulighed for at udtrykke vrede og aggression i en social acceptabel ramme, uden at nogen kommer til skade. Følelser som nærhed og imødekommenhed, der hos mange retspsykiatriske patienter er fremmede og vækker usikkerhed, kan gennem musikterapi komme til udtryk i en tryg ramme. Den musikterapeutiske tilgang kan være befordrende i forhold til at engagere og motivere den retspsykiatriske patient til at samarbejde om sin egen behandling.
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