Spejlneuroner
- et state-of-the-art review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/tdm.v14i2.158260Nøgleord:
spejlneuroner, evidens, funktion, musikterapi, hjerneforskningResumé
Spejlneuroner er en type af neuroner som blev opdaget i makak-abehjernen for mere end 20 år siden. Disse neuroner vagte opsigt, da de både var aktive når aben udførte og observerede handlinger. Siden opdagelsen er spejlneuroner blevet knyttet til forskellige funktioner som empati, imitation, handlingsforståelse samt autismespektrumsforstyrrelse. I dette state-of-the-art review diskuteres disse antagelser med afsæt i nyligt udgivne reviews. Ni artikler blev inkluderet i den endelige analyse. Ifølge disse artikler er der direkte evidens for tilstedeværelsen af neuroner med spejlfunktion i menneskehjernen. Funktionen heraf kendes dog ikke. Evidensgrundlaget for, at spejlneuroner er involverede i empati, imitation og autismespektrumsforstyrrelse, er enten mangelfuldt eller negativt. Der er en vis grad af evidens for, at områder i menneskehjernen, som antages at indeholde spejlneuroner, er involverede i handlingsforståelse. For at styrke teorierne om spejlneuroners funktion bør fremtidig forskning anvende enkelt-cellemålinger og opstille kontrollerede eksperimenter.
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