Industripolitisk tilgang til håndtering af kritiske afhængigheder
Resumé
I vores del af verden har den fremherskende tilgang til aktiv industripolitik været overvejende tilbageholdende og funderet på en fagøkonomisk forståelse af, at det kan give gevinster at adressere klart identificerede markedsfejl, men at statslige indgreb i markedet i de fleste tilfælde fører til ineffektive resultater. Men geopolitiske omvæltninger har ført til et stort politisk fokus på at nedbringe kritiske afhængigheder inden for strategisk vigtige værdikæder som fx mikrochips, kritiske råstoffer og energiteknologi. Der er således behov for at forstå, hvornår industripolitik kan være hensigtsmæssigt i forhold til sikkerhedspolitiske og forsyningssikkerhedsmæssige udfordringer, men fortsat modvirke ineffektive resultater fra overdreven statsstøtte og andre statsindgreb. Artiklen skitserer et overordnet rammeværktøj til at forstå, hvornår og hvordan aktiv industripolitik kan være hensigtsmæssigt i forhold til kritiske afhængigheder.
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