Hvisk hadet bort
ASMR som retorisk strategi på YouTube
Nøgleord:
Hadtale, Persona, ASMR, YouTube, Digital retorikResumé
Denne artikel opfodrer til en øget teoretisk opmærksomhed på responsstrategier i mødet med hadefylde ytringer, hvor digitale netværksmedier som YouTube udgør et oplagt udgangspunkt for studierne som følge af en lang række audiovisuelle muligheder, som platformene tilbyder. Artiklen udfolder ét af disse nyere formgreb kendt som ASMR gennem en komparativ analyse og retorisk kritik af to YouTube-videoer offentliggjort af internetberømthederne og såkaldte skønhedsguruer Jackie Aina og Jeffree Star, der begge deler og responderer på en række hadkommentarer, som de har modtaget. Artiklen argumenterer desuden for et kritisk forbehold over for et snævert fokus på form ved at pege på underliggende etiske implikationer.
Referencer
Aina, Jackie. 2018. “Reacting To HATE COMMENTS ASMR”. YouTube-video, 16:30:00. Offentliggjort 17. april 2018. Tilgået 28. august 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNYfM0z2AMA.
Barratt, Emma L.; Spence, Charles and Davies, Nick J. 2017. “Sensory determinants of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR): understanding the triggers”. PeerJ. https://peerj.com/articles/3846/
Carter, Bryan W. 2013. “The Social Web”. I Digital Humanities. Current Perspective, Prac-tices, and Research, red. af Bryan W. Carter. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Ceccarelli, Leah. 1998. “Polysemy: Multiple Meanings in Rhetorical Criticism”. Quarterly Journal of Speech 84 (November 1998): 395-415.
Cherry, Roger D. 1988. “Ethos Versus Persona: Self-Representation in Written Dis-course”. Written Communication 5 (3): 250-276.
Giora, Rachel and Attardo, Salvatore. 2014. “Irony”. I Encyclopedia of Humor Studies, red. af Salvatore I. Attardo, 397-402. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Hoff-Clausen, Elisabeth. 2008. Online ethos. Webretorik i politiske kampagner, blogs og wikis. Frederiksberg C: Samfundslitteratur.
Jung, Helin. 2017. “Meet the Real Jeffree Star: “I’m in a Different Place. I’m Growing Up.””. Cosmpolitan. Tilgået 29. august 2019.
https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/a10159975/jeffree-star-beauty/.
Lawrence, Shammara. 2018. “Jackie Aina Opens Up About Finding Her Voice in YouTube’s Beauty Community”. Allure. Tilgået 29. august 2019.
https://www.allure.com/story/jackie-aina-interview-diversity-and-inclusivity-in-youtube-beauty-community.
Meyer, John C. 2000. “Humor as a Double-Edged Sword: Four Functions of Humor in Communication”. Communication Theory, August 2000: 310-331.
Muecke, D. C. 1969. The Compass of Irony. London: Methuen & Co Ltd.
Phillips, Whitney and Milner, Ryan M. 2017. The Ambivalent Internet: Mischief, Oddity, and Antagonism Online. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Roer, Hanne og Klujeff, Marie Lund. 2011. “Introduktion”. Rhetorica Scandinavica 57: 1-13.
Star, Jeffree. 2018. “READING BRUTAL HATE COMMENTS IN ASMR”. YouTube-video, 18:09:00. Offentliggjort 2. maj 2018. Tilgået 28. august 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B96h4SJpH7Q&t=268s.
Vrooman, Steven S. 2002. “The art of invective. Performing identity in cyberspace”. New Media & Society 4 (1): 51-70.
Zuleta, Lumi; Burkal, Rasmus og Thomsen, Tine Birkelund. 2017. Hadefulde ytringer i den offentlige online debat. København K: Institut for Menneskerettigheder. https://menneskeret.dk/sites/menneskeret.dk/files/media/dokumenter/udgivelser/ligebehandling_2017/rapport_hadefulde_ytringer_online_2017.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNYfM0z2AMA.
Barratt, Emma L.; Spence, Charles and Davies, Nick J. 2017. “Sensory determinants of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR): understanding the triggers”. PeerJ. https://peerj.com/articles/3846/
Carter, Bryan W. 2013. “The Social Web”. I Digital Humanities. Current Perspective, Prac-tices, and Research, red. af Bryan W. Carter. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Ceccarelli, Leah. 1998. “Polysemy: Multiple Meanings in Rhetorical Criticism”. Quarterly Journal of Speech 84 (November 1998): 395-415.
Cherry, Roger D. 1988. “Ethos Versus Persona: Self-Representation in Written Dis-course”. Written Communication 5 (3): 250-276.
Giora, Rachel and Attardo, Salvatore. 2014. “Irony”. I Encyclopedia of Humor Studies, red. af Salvatore I. Attardo, 397-402. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Hoff-Clausen, Elisabeth. 2008. Online ethos. Webretorik i politiske kampagner, blogs og wikis. Frederiksberg C: Samfundslitteratur.
Jung, Helin. 2017. “Meet the Real Jeffree Star: “I’m in a Different Place. I’m Growing Up.””. Cosmpolitan. Tilgået 29. august 2019.
https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/a10159975/jeffree-star-beauty/.
Lawrence, Shammara. 2018. “Jackie Aina Opens Up About Finding Her Voice in YouTube’s Beauty Community”. Allure. Tilgået 29. august 2019.
https://www.allure.com/story/jackie-aina-interview-diversity-and-inclusivity-in-youtube-beauty-community.
Meyer, John C. 2000. “Humor as a Double-Edged Sword: Four Functions of Humor in Communication”. Communication Theory, August 2000: 310-331.
Muecke, D. C. 1969. The Compass of Irony. London: Methuen & Co Ltd.
Phillips, Whitney and Milner, Ryan M. 2017. The Ambivalent Internet: Mischief, Oddity, and Antagonism Online. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Roer, Hanne og Klujeff, Marie Lund. 2011. “Introduktion”. Rhetorica Scandinavica 57: 1-13.
Star, Jeffree. 2018. “READING BRUTAL HATE COMMENTS IN ASMR”. YouTube-video, 18:09:00. Offentliggjort 2. maj 2018. Tilgået 28. august 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B96h4SJpH7Q&t=268s.
Vrooman, Steven S. 2002. “The art of invective. Performing identity in cyberspace”. New Media & Society 4 (1): 51-70.
Zuleta, Lumi; Burkal, Rasmus og Thomsen, Tine Birkelund. 2017. Hadefulde ytringer i den offentlige online debat. København K: Institut for Menneskerettigheder. https://menneskeret.dk/sites/menneskeret.dk/files/media/dokumenter/udgivelser/ligebehandling_2017/rapport_hadefulde_ytringer_online_2017.pdf
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Publiceret
2020-04-02
Citation/Eksport
Gudkov, T. A. (2020). Hvisk hadet bort: ASMR som retorisk strategi på YouTube. Tidsskrift for Medier, Erkendelse Og Formidling, 8(1), 4–25. Hentet fra https://tidsskrift.dk/mef-journal/article/view/115969
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Creative Commons: CC by-nc-nd
