https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/issue/feed 2024-12-20T08:28:20+01:00 Historisk Tidsskrift histtid@hum.ku.dk Open Journal Systems <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152054 2024-12-08T16:58:16+01:00 Knud Haakonssen olden@hum.ku.dk

<p>Samuel Pufendorfs naturret i den danske pietismes tjeneste og formidlet af huguenotten Jean Barbeyrac</p> <p>Den danske oversættelse af Samuel Pufendorfs berømte lærebog i naturret, <em>Et Menniskes og en Borgers Pligter efter Naturens Lov</em>, faldt dødfødt fra pressen in 1742 og er siden stort set kun blevet skænket korte bemærkninger i nogle retshistoriske oversigter. Imidlertid har bogen en interessant publikationshistorie. Pufendorf tog udgangspunkt i en skarp adskillelse af naturret fra moralteologi, hvilket stod i direkte modstrid med pietismens ambitioner om en ydre samfundsorden båret af indre tro. Ikke desto mindre blev den danske oversættelse publiceret af pietismens flagskib, Vajsenhuset. Dette paradoks er aldrig blevet forklaret. Nøglepersonen i historien er huguenotten Jean Barbeyrac, hvis ideologisk prægede franske oversættelse og omfattende kommentar til Pufendorfs tekst blev fulgt nøje i den danske version. Resultatet var en i mange henseender radikalt ændret tekst, som havde tilstrækkeligt meget tilfælles med de danske pietisters sociale oplysningsprogram, hvortil naturligvis kom værkets formodede nytte for den nye retsundervisning ved Universitetet, sådan som Andreas Hojer havde planlagt det. Ved at nærme sig publikationen i dette perspektiv fremstår forholdet mellem naturret og teologi og mellem calvinisme og pietisme i et delvis nyt lys med tråde ud til en europæisk sammenhæng præget af udveksling mellem konfessioner og filosofiske traditioner nok så meget som af konflikt.</p>

2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152061 2024-12-08T17:47:18+01:00 Jes Fabricius Møller olden@hum.ku.dk

<p>The Fair One – Grundtvig’s Early Love</p> <p>The great Danish national poet, theologian, historian and much more N.F.S. Grundtvig’s period as a tutor at Egeløkke Manor on the island of Langeland from 1805 to 1808 was significant because it opened his eyes to the Jena Romantics. Though his Romantic phase lasted only a couple of years, influence from German philosophers runs as an undercurrent through most of his writings. Grundtvig’s biographers have pointed to a love story as an explanation for this Romantic turn: He is supposed to have fallen in love with the lady of the manor, Constance Leth. <br>Soon after his return to Copenhagen, Grundtvig wrote a letter to his friend, Christian Molbech, that „a fair one“ had opened his eyes. Molbech assumed the woman was Mrs. Leth, and, when correspondence between Grundtvig and Molbech was published in the 1880’s, this assumption was quickly regarded as an established fact.<br>However, Grundtvig’s diaries reveal that before moving to Langeland, he had already met and fallen in love with his future wife, Lise Blicher. It is also clear that the years on Langeland were emotionally stressful and involved a woman who was not Lise. But he never identified that woman, nor did he describe their relationship in any detail. Grundtvig’s own description of his Romantic conversion in the above mentioned letter to Molbech is in fact rather generic, and certain elements indicate that the fair one could just as well have been Lise, with whom he had a loving relationship. <br>Even though many scholars have pointed out that as an autobiographer, Grundtvig was more poet than historian, Grundtvig’s biographers have been eager to believe the classic story of a young man falling in love with an older, married woman of noble birth, because it is too good to remain untold. Correspondingly, Lise Blicher has generally been described as faithful and kind but also bland and insignificant, unlikely to be the object of the great Grundtvig’s true love or passion. On both accounts, the sources indicate a less exciting but possibly more reasonable story.</p>

2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152062 2024-12-08T17:53:23+01:00 Mads V. Perner olden@hum.ku.dk

<p>Socialklasse og børnedødelighed i København i slutningen af 1800-tallet</p> <p>Denne artikel undersøger forholdet mellem socialklasse og børnedødelighed i København i slutningen af 1800-tallet. Faldet i børnedødeligheden, og især hos spædbørn, er en primær årsag til, at den gennemsnitlige forventede levealder ved fødslen er fordoblet i løbet af de sidste 200 år. I forsøget på at forstå årsagerne har der i det internationale historisk-demografiske miljø været et stort fokus på social ulighed, da denne kan bruges som proxy til at repræsentere mange af de svært målbare faktorer, som ligger bag faldet i dødeligheden: ernæring, boligforhold, hygiejniske regimer, sygepleje mv. I Danmark bygger vores viden om historiske klasseforskelle i dødelighed dog stadig på studier foretaget sidst i 1800-tallet. Mens disse tit havde solide mål for spædbørnsdødeligheden, havde de svært ved estimere større børns risiko for at dø. Denne artikel forsøger at kaste nyt lys over emnet ved at tage udgangspunkt i en kohorte på 43.590 børn fra folketællingen 1. februar 1885. Deres dødelighed følges ved at sammenkoble folketællingen med Københavns begravelsesprotokoller: De, som kan identificeres blandt begravelserne, er døde, og resten antages at have overlevet til og med 31. januar 1886. I folketællingen er børnenes forsøger identificeret, og dennes erhverv er klassificeret gennem de af Theodor Sørensen definerede socialklasser fra 1883. I analysen sammenlignes arbejderklassen med en kombineret middel- og overklasse, da sidstnævnte indeholder meget få børn. Analysen viser, at børn i de lavere sociale klasser havde en markant højere risiko for at dø sammenlignet med deres jævnaldrende i middel- og overklassen. Forskellen i dødelighed var cirka 20 % højere for spædbørn og 30 % for større børn. Denne forskel var kønsspecifik: Piger fra arbejderklassen havde en 35 % til 50 % højere risiko for at dø end deres jævnaldrende i middel- og overklassen, mens forskellen hos drenge var noget mindre, omkring 10 %. Derudover spillede geografi også en rolle: Klasseforskellene var mindre tydelige bag voldene end i de nyudviklede områder på voldterrænet og i brokvartererne.</p>

2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152063 2024-12-08T17:58:52+01:00 Jacob Vrist Nielsen olden@hum.ku.dk

<p>Cloak-and-dagger in the Casablanca of the North: Swedish security surveillance of Ebbe Munck in Stockholm <br>during World War II</p> <p>During World War II, the Swedish Security Police monitored thousands of foreigners in the Swedish capital, Stockholm. One of them was the Danish reporter and patriot Ebbe Munck (1905–74). Drawing on archival material from Denmark, Sweden and Great Britain, this article investigates how the Swedish Security Police conducted the surveillance of Ebbe Munck and why he was being monitored. In addition, the article examines the effectiveness of the Swedish surveillance, including the extent to which Munck knew he was being monitored. This surveillance was ineffective and unprofessional, which was typical at the time: The Swedish Security Police had spied on the British legation in the same amateurish way. Stockholm, known by some as „the Casablanca of the North“, overflowed with spies, and the Security Police was in its formative stage and tried to monitor all of them despite its limited resources. Furthermore, the article shows that Ebbe Munck knew he was being watched. However, he was wrong about the timing, character and reasons for the Swedes’ surveillance. In general, Munck was as clumsy at discovering the surveillance as the Swedish Security Police was at conducting it.</p>

2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152064 2024-12-08T18:04:09+01:00 Jakob Linnet Schmidt olden@hum.ku.dk

<p>The Transatlantic Lodestar: Security Policy Trends and Realities in Denmark, 2019–2024</p> <p>Denmark has recently witnessed seismic changes in its security and defence policy. This article argues that a desire to establish the closest possible bond with the US and prove a good ally is guiding Denmark’s foreign policy. This has led to a break with established policies, including not allowing the stationing of allied forces in peacetime and limiting defence expenditure to a minimum. A defence cooperation agreement has thus been concluded with the US allowing American military personnel and material in Denmark, and, for the first time in Danish history, defence expenditure meets NATO’s guidelines. These changes occurred when it was increasingly clear that the post-Cold War period, characterized by a relatively peaceful relationship between the West and Russia, was definitively over, and the US security guarantee seemed more fragile than ever. The risk of abandonment outweighed the dangers of entrapment. The Danish government thus strengthened the priority of maintaining the closest possible ties with the US. This desire was so pronounced that in cases of disagreements between Europe and the US, Denmark has sided with the latter. This has led to a weakening of the European dimension, although hardly due to aversion to European cooperation, but rather to the desire for transatlantic cooperation. The 2022 referendum that led Denmark to rejoin the defence cooperation coordinated by the EU(abandoned by Denmark 1993) was not initiated by the government. Nevertheless, it points towards a more active Danish participation in European defence cooperation as a supplement to the dominating transatlantic orientation in Danish security and defence policy.</p>

2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152067 2024-12-08T18:14:57+01:00 Bernard Eric Jensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152068 2024-12-08T18:17:57+01:00 Karl Christian Lammers olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152069 2024-12-08T18:20:37+01:00 Daniel Henschen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152070 2024-12-08T18:24:14+01:00 Alexandre Bernier olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152071 2024-12-08T18:27:49+01:00 Thomas Clausen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152072 2024-12-08T18:32:18+01:00 Sebastian Olden-Jørgensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152073 2024-12-08T18:34:32+01:00 Per H. Hansen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152074 2024-12-08T19:27:45+01:00 Steen Busck olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152075 2024-12-08T20:36:29+01:00 Steffen Heiberg olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152077 2024-12-08T20:49:50+01:00 Thomas K. Heebøll-Holm olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152078 2024-12-08T20:54:27+01:00 Jørgen Ravn Elkjær olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152079 2024-12-08T20:57:23+01:00 Carsten Jahnke olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152080 2024-12-08T21:00:26+01:00 Lars Cyril Nørgaard olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152081 2024-12-08T21:04:06+01:00 Anders Ravn Sørensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152082 2024-12-08T21:06:35+01:00 Bo Fritzbøger olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152083 2024-12-08T21:10:17+01:00 Beth Juncker olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152084 2024-12-08T21:12:26+01:00 Jennie Sejr Junghans olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152085 2024-12-08T21:14:31+01:00 Michael Bøgh Rasmussen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152086 2024-12-08T21:16:32+01:00 Amalie O. Lyngsted olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152087 2024-12-08T21:18:50+01:00 Jakob Sørensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152088 2024-12-08T21:20:53+01:00 Asger Boe Wille olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152089 2024-12-08T21:22:53+01:00 Henrik Gjøde Nielsen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152090 2024-12-08T21:24:54+01:00 Nils Arne Sørensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152091 2024-12-08T21:26:49+01:00 Mogens Rüdiger olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152092 2024-12-08T21:28:53+01:00 Christian Larsen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152093 2024-12-08T21:30:36+01:00 Erik Kulavig olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift https://tidsskrift.dk/historisktidsskrift/article/view/152094 2024-12-08T21:32:34+01:00 Sebastian Olden-Jørgensen olden@hum.ku.dk 2024-12-20T00:00:00+01:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Historisk Tidsskrift